■ 502 



Otiier species of ParajjheJinus dealt with are : — P. tomasjyidis, How., 

 from eggs of Tomaspis varia in Trinidad ; P. perMnsi, sp. n., from 

 Tomaspis ? carmodyi in Britisli Guiana ; P. speciosissimus, Gir., from 

 Illinois ; P. ausfraUensis, Gir., from Queensland ; and Paraphelinus 

 (Agonioneurus) locKstarum, Giraud, from eggs of Xiphidium fuscum. 



Williams (C. B.). A New Thrips damaging Orchids in the West Indies. 

 — Bidl. Enfom. Research, London, viii, no. 1, August 1917, 

 pp. 59-61, 1 fig. 



This paper describes Physothrips xanthius, sp. n., which has recently 

 caused considerable damage to ornamental orchids in Trinidad. It 

 is probably not indigenous to the island, as it has not yet been found 

 on wald orchids, but may have been imported with orchids from 

 Venezuela. The larvae and pupae are found wath the adults on the 

 upper-surfaces of the leaves, on which they cause brownish spots ; in 

 severe cases they may kill the plant. 



Bezzi (M.). New Ethiopian Fruit-flies of the Genus Dams.— Bull. 

 Entom. Research, London, viii, no. 1, August 1917, pp. 63-71, 6 figs. 



This paper includes a key to further African species of this genus 

 [see this Review, Ser. A, iii, p. 748]. The species dealt with are : Dacus 

 (Tridacus) d'emmerezi, sp. n., from Mauritius ; D. annidatus, Becker, 

 from Egypt and Erythraea ; D. mochii, sp. n., from Erythraea ; 

 D. icoodi, sp. n., from Nyasaland ; D. hamatus, sp. n., from Nyasaland ; 

 D. blepharogaster, sp. n., from Erythraea ; D. erythraeus, sp. n., from 

 Erythraea. 



d'Emmerez de CmmMOY (D.). Notes relative to the Importation of 

 Tiphia jmrallela, Smith, from Barbados to Mauritius for the 

 Control of PhytaJus smithi, Arrow. — Btdl. Entom. Reseaich, 

 London, viii, no. 1, August 1917, pp. 93-102, 3 tables, 1 map. 



The Melolonthid beetle, PhytaJus smithi, was first detected in 

 Mauritius in 1911 on land adjoining the Royal Botanical Gardens, 

 suggesting its probable importation on cuttings. In the following 

 year its natural home was found by Dr. Guy Marshall to be in Barbados. 

 The first control measures consisted in digging out the larvae from the 

 fields, and caj)turing adult insects at night from 7 to 9 p.m. The fact 

 that the pest did not cause so much damage in Barbados as in Mauritius 

 suggested the existence of some natural enemy. The most important 

 of these has proved to be the Scoliid wasp, Tiphia jMralleJa, which had 

 already been recorded from Brazil. Five different attempts were 

 made to introduce this parasite from Barbados, with indifferent 

 results, though it was discovered later that four couples that had 

 been liberated in 1915 had established themselves and given rise to a 

 large number of insects. The reason that this did not occur in the 

 insectary would seem to be due to the fact that captivity affects the 

 longevity of the insect, and, since it lays eggs only two at a time, with 

 an interval of at least seven days between two ovipositions, it 

 indirectly affects its egg-laying power. Further, it appeared that the 

 difficulty of establishment might be due to lack of proper food material, 

 since in Barbados Tiphia lives on the secretions of Aphids, which in 



