528 



arsenicals, acts as a deterrent. Macrosiphum solanifoUi, Ashm. (potatO' 

 aphis), when occurring on potatoes, is controlled by 6|- oz. of nicotine 

 sulphate to 50 U.S. gals, of the spray used for the Colorado potato 

 beetle, with the omission of the Paris green, as this may, in com- 

 bination with nicotine, cause injury to the foliage. This Aphid is 

 also found attacking egg-plants, spinach, peppers and peas. Young 

 egg-plants must be very carefully sprayed to avoid injury. As soon 

 as the first Aphids are observed, a spray consisting of 5 oz. nicotine 

 sulphate 40 per cent., 4 lb. fish-oil soap and 50 U.S. gals, water, should 

 be applied, if possible by means of a compressed-air hand-sprayer 

 with an extension rod ; all insects should be hit with the spray. 

 Egg-plants are also attacked by Tetrnnychus sp. (red spider). A strong 

 stream of water from a hose will destroy many of these mites. 

 Tobacco dust should be applied in the evening ; the follo^ving morning 

 the plants should have a liberal application of water, then the frames 

 should be closed for six or eight hours, and afterwards watered again 

 and ventilated. This treatment should be applied on alternate clays 

 until all the mites are killed. When they occur in the field the plants 

 should be sprayed every few days with the mixture recommended for 

 the control of potato aphis. Egg-plants attacked by Ejntrix sp., when 

 taken from the seed-beds for transplanting, shoukl have their foliage 

 immersed in Bordeaux mixture 2 : 3 : 50. A week or 10 days after 

 transplanting, they should be thoroughly sprayed with BordeaiLx 

 mixture 4:6: 50, to which has been added 4 lb. paste arsenate of lead 

 to each 50 U.S. gals. This treatment should be continued once a 

 week until the attacks cease and will kill any potato beetles that m^ay 

 attack the plants. Several species of cutworms occur on egg-plants, 

 generally feeding on the stem ; poison-bait consisting of 20 lb. bran, 

 1 lb. Paris green, 2 quarts molasses, 3 oranges or lemons and about 

 3| U.S. gals, water should be scattered thinly on the ground in the 

 evening, around, but not touching, the plants. One application at 

 the time of setting, followed by another three or four days later, will 

 usually be sufficient to protect the plants. 



Cabbage and similar crops are attacked by Pieris {Pontia) rapae, L. 

 Powdered arsenate of lead, either alone or mixed with an equal 

 quantity of land plaster or air-slaked lime, dusted on the plants when 

 the caterpillars begin feeding, has given excellent results. One or 

 two applications are usually sufficient. As an alternative, 1 lb. Paris 

 green may be mixed with 20 lb. lime or land plaster and applied dry. 

 For a spray, 1| lb. powdered arsenate of lead to 50 U.S. gals, water, 

 ■with the addition of 2 to 3 lb. resin soap, is advocated. Aphis hrassicae, 

 L. (cabbage aphis) is abundant during May-June and September- 

 December. A few plants are first attacked by large colonies and these 

 can easily be detected by their yellow, wilted appearance. If these 

 early Aphid colonies are thoroughly drenched once every 10 days 

 during April, with 6| oz. nicotine-sulphate and 5 lb. fish-oil soap to 

 50 gals, water, the infestation should be checked ; but if it spreads, 

 spraying must be continued every third day until all Aphids are 

 destroyed. ChortopJiila {Phorbia) brassicae, Bch. (cabbage maggot) 

 occasionally appears in seed-beds among plants grown for autumn 

 setting. Planting should be deferred as late as possible, so that the 

 last generation of flies will have deposited their eggs on other food- 

 plants. Clean cultivation, and the removal of all Cruciferous weeds , 



