192 JOHN B. SMITH. 



Frater has the primaries uniformly gray, and all the maculation 

 is rather evenly relieved, though by no means prominent or con- 

 trasting. The specimens before me range from Ontario, Canada, to 

 Winnipeg, Manitoba; south to Denver, Colorado, and east to New 

 Jersey. While there is considerable difference in appearance, there 

 is no variation in the essential characters. 



In 1886 Mr. Putman Cramer described B. coloradensis as a 

 variety of frater, and so it remained until Dr. Dyar in his catalogue 

 of 1902 correctly listed it as a good species. The type of macula- 

 tion is like /rater in all essentials; but instead of an even dark gray 

 the primaries are mottled. The ground color is much paler, rather 

 whitish in fact, with a slight tendency to a yellowish suffusion, 

 while the maculation is much more contrasting. In general the 

 base and lower half of the median space are heavily black powdered, 

 while the remainder of the wing is whitish ; a blackish patch mark- 

 ing the inception of the median shade on the costa and usually some 

 sort of dusky spot indicating the reniform. There is a tendency to 

 lose the orbicular, while the claviform is well marked. I have one 

 female from Phoenix, Arizona, and the balance of my series is from 

 Colorado, partly of Mr. Bruce's collecting, partly from Prof. Gil- 

 lette, and partly of the Hulst material. The Arizona example is 

 dated January 11th, the others are not dated, nor have any of them 

 specific localities. 



Also in 1886, and only a month or two later than the description 

 of coloradensis, Mr. Henry Edwards published Raphia pallula from 

 California as a good species, apparently without a knowledge of Mr. 

 Cramer's species. In my list of 1891 I made this a synonym of 

 coloradensis, and so it remains in Dr. Dyar's catalogue. I have re- 

 cently re-examined the types, which are now in the American Mus- 

 eum of Natural History. There are two specimens, both females, 

 and while fully expanded, they suggest cripples; possibly because 

 the primaries are so very broad, and the secondaries are proportion- 

 ally smaller than in the other species. The yellow suffusion is here 

 in the disc of the primaries involving the upper part of the median 

 space in which the black filled reniform stands out prominently, 

 while the orbicular is altogether lost. The terminal space is dark, 

 and in this particular it differs from all the coloradensis now at hand. 

 The examples are : one from Soda Springs, the other from Siskiyou 

 County, California. I have nothing that agrees with these speci- 



