75 



into the pith, while at a later stage the young, folded centre leaves may 

 be eaten back and even the flower-spike may be cut in two. Hitherto 

 no control measures have been systematically employed against this 

 pest, the application of a handful of soil ^vith the idea that soil is an 

 insecticide being worse than useless, while incautious burning of the 

 land should be guarded against, resulting as it does in the destruction 

 of hundreds of lizards, which are valuable natural enemies of this 

 caterpillar. Hand-picking is an inexpensive and effective method of 

 control, doing no appreciable harm to the plant, though it may involve 

 loosening or sphtting the leaves. 



Daxtix (C. J.). Elm Galerucella {Galeruca luteola) in Spain in 1917. — 

 Mthhj. Bull. Agric. Intell. & Plant Dis., Rome, \aii, no. 10, October 

 1917, p. 1446. (Abstract from La Liga Agraria, Madrid, xxx, 

 no. 1139, 1917, p. 2.) 



The Chrysomehd, Galerucella {Galeruca) luteola, has occurred for 

 many years in Spain, but has never done so much injury to the foliage 

 of elms as in 1917. During July, which was a very hot, dry month, the 

 larvae increased in numbers and voracity and succeeded in defoliating 

 the trees during August. Data on the biology and methods of control 

 of this beetle are given. 



Savastano (L.). Contribute alio Studio sui Rapporti biopatologici 

 della Mosca nera del Fico {Lonchaea aristella, Beck.) ed il suo 

 Ospitante nella Penisola Sorrentina. [A Contribution to the Study 

 of the bio-pathological Relations of the Black Fly of the Fig 

 {Lonchaea aristella, Beck.) and its Host- plant in the Peninsula of 

 Sorrento.]— Separate, dated May 1917, from Ann. R. Staz. Speri- 

 ment. Agrum. Fruttic, Acireale, iv, 1916-1917, pp. 113-146, 

 2 plates. [Received 27th December 1917.] 



This paper is supplementary to a previous one [see this Review, 

 Ser. A, iii, p. 745] and describes numerous experiments conducted from 

 1913 to 1915, after which time they had to be discontinued owing to 

 the War. The chief remedial measure is the rejection of susceptible 

 varieties of fig, which are represented in the Sorrento Peninsula by 

 those known as Troiano and Pasquahno ; the first is a valuable table 

 fruit, while the second is of httle value. A cultural measure reducing 

 infestation is the avoidance of manuring in excess, especially with 

 stable manure. The practice of oihng the figs also di mini shes 

 infestation, but to what degree is not known. Two excellent plates 

 illustrate this paper. 



SiLVESTRi (F.). SuIIa Lonchaea aristella, Beck. (Diptera : Lonchaeidae) 

 dannosa alle Infiorescenze e Fruttescenze del Caprifico e del Fico. 



[Lonchaea aristella. Beck., injurious to the Flower- and Fruit- 

 clusters of the Fig and Capri Fig.] — Separate, dated 10th December 

 1917, from Boll. Lab. Zool. Gen. Agrar. R. Scuola Sup. Agric,, 

 Portici, xii, pp. 123-146, 19 figs. 



In 1915 Savastano recorded Lonchaea aristella, Beck., in the Province 

 of Naples and noted its habits [see this Review, Ser. A, iii, p. 745]. 

 The present paper, based on observations made up to December 1917, 



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