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Marsh (H. 0.). Note on the Life-cycle of the Sugar-beet Webworm. 

 — Jl. Econ. Entom., Concord, N.H., x, no. 6, December 1917, 

 pp. 543-544. 



During 1915 and 1916 details of the life-history and oviposition 

 habits of Loxostege sticticalis (sugar-beet webworm), were worked out 

 in detail and the results are given in this paper in the form of tables. 

 The life-cycles of three generations are given ; the third generation 

 seldom appears in sufficient numbers to cause appreciable damage. 

 Egg-laying records give an average of 346 eggs for each female, the 

 oviposition period covering a total of 16 days. 



Hawley (I. M.). The Hop Redbug {Paracalocoris hawleyi, Knight). 

 — Jl. Econ. Entom., Concord, N.H., x, no. 6, December 1917, 

 pp. 545-552, 1 plate 8 figs. 



In June 1913, hop plants in New York State were found to be injured 

 by perforations in the leaves and deformation of the stems. The 

 damage was caused by the nymphs of a recently described species, 

 Paracalocoris hawleyi. Knight. Each year since 1913 this bug has 

 increased in numbers and caused greater damage, the plants frequently 

 becoming so weakened that their clinging power is lost and they slip 

 down to the base of the pole. The injury is very similar to that caused 

 by a related species, Galocoris fulvornaculatus, De G., to hops in 

 England. 



The eggs, which do not hatch until the following spring, are inserted 

 singly or in small groups in the bark or wood of hop-poles in August 

 and September, and hatch throughout the following June. The 

 nymphal period lasts about 30 days, during which the damage is done. 

 Adults appear early in August and do not long survive. Descriptions 

 and illustrations of all the stages are given. 



Natural enemies include the Pentatomid, Apateticus maculiventris, 

 Say, which is predaceous in both nymphal and adult forms on the 

 immature stages of the redbug. Eggs and nymphs are found on hops 

 in July and August, The Nabid, Reduviolus subcoleoptratus, Kirby, 

 and a red mite, Trombidium sp., have been found feeding on the 

 nymphs of P. hawleyi. Adults of P. hawleyi have been found feeding 

 on nymphs of their own species, while the nymphs have been observed 

 devouring the pupa of Ania limhata, the larvae of another Geometrid, 

 Ijysia cognataria, and of the Noctuid, Hypena humuli, and the pupa 

 of the Lasiocampid, Malacosoma americana. 



As a control measure, in July 1915, 1 pint nicotine sulphate with 

 4 to 6 lb. soap to 100 U.S. gals, water was applied as a contact spray 

 and apparently killed the insect immediately, though f pint nicotine 

 sulphate with 4 lb. soap to 100 U.S. gals, water proved ineffective. 

 Spraying should be done about the third week in June, before the 

 plants have produced big branches. Most of the nymphs have hatched 

 and can be easily reached at this time. Poles as well as plants should 

 be drenched, as many nymphs take refuge in the cracks and bark on 

 them. Owing to the activity of these bugs it is advisable to spray 

 from opposite sides at the same time. Winged forms fly before they 

 can be reached by a spray. 



