144 



Bhahdo'phaga (Cecidomyia) saliciperda on willow; and Perrisia crataegi 

 on ha\Tthorn. 



Mites : Eriophyes solids on willow ; E. pyri on pear ; E. tiliae on 

 lime ; E. vitis on vine ; E. (Phytoptus) coryli on hazel ; and 

 Tetranychus telarius on vine and Acacia. 



Leonardi (G.), La Processionaria del Pino in Liguria. [The Pine 

 Processionaiy Caterpillar in Liguria.] — Minerva Agraria, Milan, 

 ix, no. 19-20, 15th-31st October 1917, pp. 227-228. [Abstract 

 from Boll. Assoc. Orticola Professiotwle Italiana, no. 1, January 

 1917.] 



An outbreak of Cnethocampa (Thaumetopoea) pityocampa in Liguria 

 in both gardens and pine woods in the hilly districts is described. 

 Unless remedial measures are applied without delay great loss will 

 result. The adult moths usually appear in the second half of July. 

 They fly at twilight, remaining inactive in sheltered situations on their 

 host-plant by day. The females lay from 100 to 200 eggs in small 

 batches placed on the pine needles. The caterpillars hatch towards 

 the end of August ; they first feed on the tender needles and then 

 attack the older ones. They are gregarious and leave their nest only 

 at night in order to seek food. After the first moult in September 

 they enlarge and strengthen their nest and withdraw to it on the 

 approach of the cold weather, not reappearing until the following 

 spring when the temperature is at least 42°-43° F. The second and 

 third moults then take place. AVhen mature the caterpillars spin a 

 cocoon about 4 inches beneath the surface of the ground, and the adults 

 emerge after a pupal period lasting 6 weeks. When infestation is 

 severe, a tree may be entirely defoliated and its vertical growth 

 arrested if a nest occurs on the leading shoot. Plants weakened by 

 infestation become an easy prey for Scolytid beetles and other insects. 



The destruction of the nests in autumn and winter is the cheapest 

 and most effective means of dealing with C. pityocampa. The nests 

 may either be removed and burnt or burnt in situ by means of suitable 

 torches. If the leading shoot is infested it is best to drench that portion 

 of the tree with a 1 per cent, solution of lead arsenate. As a protection 

 against the stinging hairs of the caterpillars, workers should wear 

 motor goggles and should oil their hands. 



J. P. Mealy Bug on Vmes.^-Gardeners^ Chronicle, London, Ixiii, 

 no. 1622, 26th January 1918, p. 40. 



The author records a case of severe infestation of a vine with mealy 

 bug [Psevdococcus] which was successfully dealt wath by the application 

 of gas-tar. The vines, which were in a weak state and had suffered 

 from mildew, were first scrubbed with a mixture of soft soap (2 oz.) and 

 sulphur (2 oz.) in a gallon of water, all the loose bark being cleaned oft", 

 especially round the spurs. The vinery was also scrubbed with soft 

 soap and water and syringed with parafiin, wherever it could be used 

 with safety, the walls being white-washed with hot hme. The vine 

 stems were then painted with gas-tar mixture, freshly obtained from 

 the gas-works, which was applied as a stiff paste to all parts except the 

 eyes and last season's wood. Though the vine had not recovered in 



