150 



lilac, privet and ash. Lyonetia clerkeUa, L., was very numerous in 

 southern Sweden, attacking the leaves of apple. Scythropia cratae- 

 gella, L. , was reported from hawthorn, apple, and pear. Hyponomeuta 

 euonymellus, L., attacked bird-cherry trees in many parts of Sweden 

 in 1915, and in the same year H. malinellus, Z., was also reported from 

 many places. Argyresthia conjugella, Z., did great damage in 1916. 

 During previous years there had been an abundance of berries on the 

 mountain ash, which favoured the increase of this moth, but in 1916 

 these trees did not bloom at all, compelling this pest to attack apples. 

 Argyresthia ephippiella, F., was very numerous in the buds of cherry 

 trees. Plutella maculipennis, Curt., attacked cabbage in southern 

 Sweden in 1914. Tinea granella, L., destroyed rye, wheat, peas and 

 clover-seeds. Incurvaria capitella, CI., recorded for the first time from 

 Sweden in 1910, did great damage to red currants. 



Diptera. Larvae of Tipida sp. attacked young pine trees in 1914, 

 gnawing of? the bark below the surface of the earth. Sitodiplosis 

 {Clinodiplosis) mosellana, Geh., {aurantiaca, Wagn.) was observed on 

 barley. Contarinia pyrivora, Kil., was very numerous in 1912, in 

 many places destroying nearly the whole crop of pears. Contarinia 

 pisi, Winn., was abundant in the vicinity of Upsala in 1915. Con- 

 tarinia tritici, Kirby, has been reported from several localities. Stenodi- 

 2)losis geniculatus, Rent., occurred in the seeds of foxtail, about 57,000 

 larvae being present in one pound. Perrisia (Dasyneura) pyri, B., 

 attacked the foliage of pear trees. Perrisia {Dasyneura) flosoulorum, 

 KiefE. , occurred in clover seeds. Phytomyza affifiis, Fall. , and P. genicu- 

 lata, Macq. , attacked the leaves of cultivated chrysanthemum. Hydrellia 

 griseola, Fall., attacked oats and timothy grass. OscineUa frit, L., 

 damaged oats, barley and wheat in many places. Siphonella piimi- 

 lionis, Bjerk., was reported injuring barley and wheat. Meromyza 

 cerealium, Reut., caused withering of oats. Psila. rosae, L., injured 

 parsnips, parsley and dill. Amaurosoma armiUatum, Zett., and 

 A. flavipes. Fall., have been reported injuring the spikes of timothy 

 grass. Chortophila hrassicae, Bch., injured cabbage, turnips and 

 swedes in many parts of the country. Pegomyia hyoscyami, Pz. 

 {conformis. Fall.), injured sugar-beet, common beet and spinach. 

 Hylemyia antiqua, Meig., was especially numerous on onions in 1916. 

 H. coarctata, Fall., injured wheat and rye in some places. Merodon 

 equestris, F., injured the bulbs of daffodils. Aphiochaeta pygmaea, 

 Zett., attacked the seeds of pmnpkins. 



Hymenoptera. Eriocanipoides {Caliroa) aethiops, F., injured the 

 leaves of roses and E. limacina those of pear and cherry trees in many 

 locahties. Hoplocampa testudinea, Klg., attacked young apples and 

 H. minutu, Christ, did great injury to plums, the loss in some places 

 amounting to 50-75 per cent, of the crop. Ardis bipunctata, Klg., 

 seems to occur wherever climbing roses are cultivated. Blennocampa 

 jMsilla, Klg., injured roses, and B. geniculata, Htg., in 1915 attacked 

 strawberry plants. Croesus septentrionalis, L., occurred in great 

 numbers on birches and poplar. Lygaeonematus (Nematus) erichsoni. 

 Htg. , defoliated larch trees in several localities. Holcocneme (Netnatus) 

 coeruleocarpa, Htg. , attacked poplars and Pteronus (Pteronidea) ribesii, 

 Scop., currants and gooseberries in many places, especially in 1916. 

 P. salicis, L., defoliated Salix fragilis. Spruces from eight to ten 

 years old were injured probably by Lygaeonematus saxeseni, Htg., 



