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imported trees are more seriously damaged than indigenous ones, 

 and it is said that the silkworms fed with injured leaves are hable 

 to disease ; as a control measure, the larvae should be gathered and 

 killed in November and December. Diacrisia obliqim, Walk. ; D. sub- 

 carnea, AValk. ; D. mori, Mats. ; Amsada lactinea, Cram. ; Creatonotus 

 transiens, Walk. ; the larvae of these five species feed on the leaves, 

 but are not very injurious. Clania variegata, Cram., appears twice a 

 year ; very injurious to Acacia, but not so much to mulberry trees. 

 Orthocraspeda trima, Moore, not very injurious. Prodenia litura, F., 

 a very serious pest, which appears suddenly in great numbers ; some- 

 times the mulberry gardens are completely defoliated, though this 

 is exceptional ; it has eight or nine generations a year, and passes 

 the winter in the larval stage ; the barrier method is adopted to 

 prevent its spreading. Boarmia atrilineata, Butl., has four or five 

 broods in a year, being rather abundant in the northern parts and in 

 the mountainous zone, but is not very injurious. Boarmia irrorata, 

 Brem. & Grey, a minor pest. Orgyia postica, Walk., has six broods 

 in a year and passes the winter in the larval state ; very injurious to 

 mulberry leaves. 0. viridescens, Walk., has probably six broods in a 

 year ; not very injurious. Dasychira mendosa, Hb. Porthesia 

 taiwania, Shiraki, distributed over the entire island and rather injurious. 

 Bombyx mandarina, Moore, of minor importance. 



Coleoptera. Phyllotreta sinuata, Redt. ; Aspidomorpha koshunensis. 

 Mats. ; Coptocycla trivittata, F. ; Aulacophora similis, Oliv. ; Chry- 

 sochus chinensis, Baly ; Melanauster chinensis, F. ; all these are minor 

 pests. Hammoderus suzukii, Mats., very injurious at altitudes above 

 2,000 feet. Apriona rugicollis, Chev., very injurious to mulberry 

 trees, and therefore the Ufe-history is described in detail ; under 

 control measures apparatuses for killing larvae and crushing eggs are 

 illustrated and described ; the larvae of this and the two preceding 

 Cerambycids may be distinguished from each other by the structure 

 of the dorsal and ventral surfaces of the prothorax. Baris deplanata, 

 Roel. Lixus vetida, F. Hypomeces squamosus, F., usually found on 

 mulberry leaves. Epicauta gorhami, Moore, var. formosanus, Shiraki. 

 Lagria rubiginea, Roel., injurious to the leaves. Cardiophorus devas- 

 tans, Mats. C. formosanus, Mats. Cardiophorus sp. Euchlora ex- 

 pansa, Bates. E. trachypyga. Bates. Cetonia exasperata, F., injurious 

 to the leaves. Adoretus sinicus, Burm. Xyleborus morivorella, 

 Niishima, injurious and often causing withering of the tree. 



An unidentified Hymenopteron produces galls on the foHage, and 

 a mite, Tetranychus sp. causes shrivelUng of the leaf. 



The following natural enemies are recorded :■ — Tetrastichus sp. 

 parasitic on Apriona rugicollis. An unidentified Hymenopteron and 

 a Coccinelhd attacking Aulacaspis pentagona. The fungus, Myrian- 

 gium duriaei, infesting Aspidiotus perniciosus, Aulacasjns pentagona, 

 Lepidosaphes beckii, Newm. [citricola, Pack.) and Chionaspis sp. 

 Nectria coccophila, another fungus infesting scale-insects. A Procto- 

 trupid parasitic on Pseudococcus Jilamentosus. Two species of Cocci- 

 nellids and some fungi infesting Aleurodids. Ptychanatis axylidis. 

 Pall., Coccinella septempunctata, F., and Chrysopa sp. predaceous on 

 Psylla. Three species of Braconids and Aspergillus sp. parasitic on 

 Glyphodes pyloalis, Walk. 



A list of native names of insects is appended. 



