244 



McCoLLocH (J. W.) & Salmon (S. C). Relation of Kinds and Varieties 

 of Grain to Hessian-fly Injury. — Jl. Agric. Research, Washington, 

 B.C., xii, no. 8, 25th February 1918, pp. 519-527. 



In view of the contention that certain varieties of grain {Triticum 

 spp.) are immune to the attacks of Mayetioh destructor (Hessian fly), 

 experiments have been outUned to determine the relative infestation 

 and injury of different varieties of small grain, and also to determine 

 why certain kinds and varieties are resistant or immune ; or, if not, 

 why they escape injury jn some cases where others are badly injured. 



From the consideration of 87 kinds of varieties of wheat (Triticum 

 spp. ), oats (Arena sativa), hsiT\ey(Hordeum spp. ), and rye (Secale cereale), 

 it was concluded that the Hessian fly is able to distinguish between 

 different kinds and varieties of grain. It was found that eggs were 

 laid on all the kinds and varieties of grain studied, but very sparingly 

 on winter oats, winter barley and on -three varieties of Triticum; 

 that, on the average, fewer eggs were laid on soft winter wheat than 

 on hard red winter wheat, though exceptions occurred in both cases. 

 There appeared to be a high mortality of eggs or larvae on all kinds 

 and varieties studied, being greatest for rye, winter oats and three 

 varieties of Triticum. 



Fag AN (M. M.). The Uses of Insect Galls. — American Naturalist, 

 Lancaster, Pa., lii, no. 614, February -March 1918, pp. 155-176. 



This paper deals with the history of the uses of various galls, analyses 

 of some of the more important being given. 



Those used in medicine include galls of Andricus fecundatrix, Hart., 

 Cynips polycera, Giraud, C. gallae-tinctoriae, 01., C. quercus-folii, L., 

 C. quercus-tozae, Bosc, Pemphigus cornicularis, P. pallidus, Rhodites 

 Tosae, L., Schlechtendalia chinensis, Bell, besides undetermined ones 

 such as : Chinese oak gall, Istrian gall and Marmora gall. 



In the manufacture of ink the galls used are those of : Cynips 

 gallae-tinctoriae, 01., C. kollari, Hart., Schlechtendalia chinensis, Bell, 

 and many undetermined ones. 



For tanning the following have been used : Cynips gallae-tinctoriae, 

 01., C. hungarica, Hart., C. insana, Westw., C. kollari, Hart., C. ligni- 

 cola, Hart. , C. quercus calycis, Burgsdorf , and Schlechtendalia chinensis. 



Galls used in dyeing include those of : Cynips gallae-tinctoriae, 

 C. insana, C. kollari, C. quercus-calycis, C. quercus-petioli. Pemphigus 

 cornicularis, Schlechtendalia chinensis, possibly Chermes sp., and 

 many undetermined ones. 



As food, only a few galls have been used, including those of : Aulax 

 glechomae, Cynips spp., Discholcaspis weldi, Callithytis sp., Chermes sp., 

 and Schlechtendalia chinensis. 



As fuel for lamps the Greeks used galls of Cynips theophrastea. 



An alphabetically-arranged list of common names of insect galls, 

 and a bibliography of sixty-five works are appended. 



ToTHiLL (J. D.). The Predaceous Mite, Hemisarcoptes malus, Shimer, 

 and its Relation to the Natural Control of the Oyster-shell Scale, 

 Lepidosaphes ulmi, L, — Agric. Gaz. Canada, Ottawa, v, no. 3, 

 March 1918, pp. 234-239, 3 figs. 



The mite. Hemisarcoptes nudus, is the most important single factor 



