267 



living and healthy trees. The galleries branch considerably, all parts 

 of the same gallery being on the same horizontal plane. There are 

 two generations a year, though these are irregular, larvae, pupae and 

 adults all being present within the galleries at almost any season of 

 the year. Larvae and adults feed on ambrosia fungus and continue 

 to breed and extend their galleries as long as the wood of the host 

 can grow the fungus. Preventive control methods consist of removing 

 immediately all logs cut in the spring and early summer. Since the 

 beetles will not enter logs that are dry or partly seasoned, if these cannot 

 be removed at once they should he placed where the sapwood will 

 season quickly in plenty of air and smishine. This species is found 

 from British Columbia to Central California and eastward into Arizona 

 and Nevada. G. sidcatus, Lee, occurs in the Pacific Coast and Rocky 

 Mountain region from British Columbia into Mexico, in Pinus, 

 Tsuga^ Pseudotsuga, Abies, Picea, Thuja and Sequoia. The life- 

 history and habits of this species are essentially the same as those of 

 G. retusus. 



Scroll (E. E.). Division of Entomology. Field 'Work.^Ninth Ann. 

 Rept. Commiss. Agric, Austin, Texas, lOtli September 1916, 

 pp. 11-15. [Received 6th April 1918.] 



Cijdia (Carpocapsa) ponionella, L. (codling moth) has done such 

 severe damage as to discourage many apple growers in West Texas, 

 but it has been proved that it can be checked sufficiently to make 

 apple gro\nng profitable. When orchards are well cleared in the 

 autumn, pigs allowed in to dig up insects from the soil, a hot lime- 

 sulphur solution sprayed over the trees in winter, and then, after 

 blooming, three sprayings of 1 lb. lead arsenate to 25 U.S. gals, water 

 given, very little trouble is experienced from this pest. Aegeria 

 {Sanni)widea) exitiosa. Say (peach borer) is best controlled by making 

 mounds round the trees wdth earth in the summer-time and removing 

 them in January or February so that the larvae are exposed and 

 destroyed by cold ; this has been found more efficacious than worming 

 or applying repellent washes. Aspidiotus perniciosus (San Jose 

 Scale) and Scohjtus rugulosus (fruit-tree bark-beetle) have done a 

 good deal of damage in north and east Texas. Pruning and spraying 

 demonstrations with commercial lime-sulphur were given and effective 

 work on these lines was done. Small t\\'igs of fruit trees containing 

 :sour sap were used as traps for the bark-beetle, and then burned, with 

 great success. Blissus leucopterus. Say (chinch bug) was troublesome 

 in April and May, though where crop rotation and clean culture 

 were practised infestation was not heavy. As a result of spraying 

 •experiments with several substances it was found that the most 

 successful were a solution of 1 lb. laundry soap to 100 U.S. gals, water 

 \iith. I pint nicotine suliihate, and a 10 i^er cent, kerosene emulsion. 

 Aphis gossypii, Glov. (melon aphis) was sprayed with many solutions, 

 the most efficacious being 1 lb. octagon laundry soap to 100 U.S. gals, 

 water with 1 pint Blackleaf 40, the nicotine being added while the 

 soap solution was very hot. This solution did not injure the 

 blossoms. Several thousands of Hippodamia convergens were 

 imported, which served materially to hold the pest in check. 

 Cglas formicarius (sweet potato borer) has been increasing in the coastal 



