366 



causes numerous black spots which develop into more or less deep 

 cancerous formations. The insects can be burnt on the fruit mth a 

 torch ; the ant referred to above probably destroys the eggs of this 

 insect. 



The injury to young leaves and buds known as burning, is probably 

 due in a large measure to the action of the adult thrips, and to the 

 holes made by the Capsid. To control these pests, in addition to the 

 methods described, it is advisable to keep the plantation well shaded ; 

 the trees attacked should be strengthened by careful pruning. 



SiLVESTRi (F.). Notizie suUa Tignola del Melo e sul Verme delle Mele. 



[Notes on Hyponomeuta malinellus and Cydia pomonella.] — Boll. 

 Lab. Zool. Agrar. R. Scuqla Sup. Agric, Portici, no. 1, 6th 

 September 1917, 11 pp., 5 figs. [Received 6th June 1918.] 



In Italy the apple crop sustains an estimated annual loss of about 

 £1,200,000, one-haK of the fruit, on an average, being destroyed by 

 Hyponomeuta malinellus and Cydia pomonella. The latter pest alsO' 

 damages pears and walnuts to the extent of about £240,000. Spraying 

 with lead arsenate (1 per cent, paste or | per cent, powder) provides 

 a simple and certain means of reducing these losses very considerably. 

 It is to be hoped that associations ^vill be formed to combat these 

 insects, failing which the formation of such associations may be made 

 compulsory by the prefects under the provisions of the law of 26th 

 June 1913. 



Cultivo de la Cebolla. [Onion Cultivation.] — Rev. Agric, Bogota, iii, 

 no. 12, December 1917, pp. 739-742. [Received 7th June 1918.] 



In this paper, which is the concluding part of a series on onion 

 cultivation, Hylemyia antiqua {Phorbia ceparum) is stated to be the 

 chief pest ; the measures usually adopted against it are given. 



Exportaci6n de Frisoles. [The Export of Beans.] — Rev. Agric, Bogota, 

 iv, no. 1, January 1918, p. 57. [Received 7th June 1918.] "- 



As Bruchus obtectus. Say, may prove prejudicial to the exportation 

 of beans from Colombia, fumigation with carbon bisulphide is advised. 

 A short description of the method adopted is given. 



Muller-Thurgau (H.), Osterwalder (A.) & Schneider-Orelli (0.). 

 Bericht der pflanzenphysiologische und pflanzenpathologische 

 Abteilung der Schweizerischen Versuchsanstalt fur Obst-, Wein- 

 und Gartenbau in Wadenswil fiirdieJahre 1915 und 1916. [Report 

 of the Department of Plant Physiology and Plant Pathology of 

 the Swiss Experiment Institute for Fruit, Vine and Garden 

 Cultivation at Wadenswil for the Years 1915 and 1916.] — Separate 

 from Landwirtschaftl. Jahrhuch der Schweiz, 1917, [sine loco\ 

 pp. 416-426. [Received r2th June 1918.] 



During the two years covered by this report, the number of 

 communications received in connection with fruit tree and garden 

 pests was small compared with the damage done in Switzerland and 

 indicates indifference to remedial measures and ignorance of existing 

 facihties for obtaining information regarding pests. 



