404 



end of May and pupates within the fruit, which has been previously- 

 attached to the branch by silken threads. 



The pupal j)eriod lasts about two weeks, and the adult emerges 

 in the beginning or middle of June. The newly emerged moth lays 

 a single egg on a fruit, which hatches after eight or nine days, and the 

 larva again bores into the fruit. As by this time the fruit is larger, 

 the larva can attain maturity in a single fruit, pupating within it 

 in the middle of July ; eight or nine days after pupation, at the end 

 of July or beginning of August, the adult of the second brood appears. 

 The newly emerged moth does not lay eggs on the fruit, but deposits 

 a single egg (rarely two or three) on the buds or on the bark near 

 the buds. The resulting larva penetrates immediately into the bud 

 and causes it to wither. In this maimer until the end of August 

 or the beginning of September, it attacks one or two buds and attains 

 a length of about 3 mm. Winter is passed in the bud within a white 

 cocoon. 



In the Okayama Prefecture infestation by this moth is confused 

 with that by Eucosma (Tmetocera) ocellana, Sch., in the spring. The 

 remedial measures hitherto recommended include the removal of the 

 eggs, the use of kerosene emulsion or arsenic, the collection of infested 

 fruits both on the tree and when fallen, and covering up the fruit. 

 The author suggests the removal and burning of infested buds during 

 autumn and winter, and the collection and destruction of larvae that 

 are concealed in the flower-buds ; these may be recognised by the falling 

 of the scales surrounding them. • 



MoREiRA (C). A Sarasara de Pernas ruivas. [The red-legged Ant, 

 Camponotus {Myrmothrix) rufipes.] — A Lavoura, Rio de Janeiro, 

 xxii, no. 1-2, 1918, pp. 45-51, 17 figs. 



A recent report from the State of Espirito Santo states that 

 Camponotus rufipes, Forel, is causing some damage in plantations. 

 The nests usually occur on the boimdary line between clearings and 

 fields. In the clearings a species of Chusquea predominates and the 

 nests are largely composed of the dried leaves of this plant, more or 

 less loosely compacted on the exterior and worked to a felt-like material 

 within. The nests may be burnt by driving a slanting hole through 

 the centre into the underground jjortion and pouring in some petroleum 

 which is then set alight. Fumigation with carbon bisulphide may 

 be effected by means of a similar hole into which is thrust a closely- 

 fitting tube of glass, metal or bamboo with an internal diameter of 

 from I to t of an inch. After pouring in about 3| oz, of carbon bisul- 

 phide the tube is corked. Should one application prove insufficient 

 a second will complete the work. 



iScHAFFNiT & LusTNER. Bericht uber das Auftreten von Feinden und 

 Krankheiten der Kulturpflanzen in der Rheinprovinz im Jahre 1915. 



[Report on the Occurrence of Enemies and Diseases of cultivated 

 Plants in the Khine Province in 1915.] — Bonn, 1916, 67 pp. 

 (Abstract in Zeitschr. f. PflanzenkranJcheiten, Stuttgart, xxviii, 

 no. 1-2, 1st February 1918, pp. 28-30.) 



During 1915 potato and beet fields were severely infested by Euxoa 

 y{Agrotis) segetum, though this cutworm was rare in the following 



