530 



foliage ; Scalmus inlet stitialis, abundant behind decaying bark of 

 cotton wood ; and Macraspis tetradactyla , taken in the crowns of 

 coconuts ; as well as large numbers of cockroaches. 



Black Fly on Citrus Trees. — Jl. Jamaica Agric. Soc, Kingston, xxii, 

 no. 8, August 1918, p. 333. 



The spread of the black fly [Aleurocanthus ivoglumi] on citrus trees 

 has become so extensive in certain localities in Jamaica that a resolu- 

 tion was sent to the Government requesting the wholesale supply 

 of a prepared kerosene or petroleum emulsion for spraying citrus 

 trees. Investigations have led to the conclusion, however, that it 

 is not economical, even if possible, to control this pest by spraying. 

 It is considered that natural enemies might prove an effective control. 

 A black ant [Cretnastogaster] when introduced on to citrus trees some- 

 times clears them of the pest within a short time. There are alsO' 

 three species of fungi that infest this Aleurodid. Further experiments 

 will be followed by the publication of niore definite information on 

 the subject. 



Marchal (P.). Stephanitis rhodode/ndri, injurious to Rhododendrons 

 in France.—Bull. Soc. Path. Veg. France, Paris, iv, no. 2, 1917, 

 pp. 93-95. (Abstract in Mthly. Bull. Agric. Intell. & PI. Bis.^ 

 Rome, ix, no. 8, August 1918, pp. 1011-1012.) 



The occurrence is recorded in France of the Tingid, Stephanitis 

 rhododendri, Horv., a pest of rhododendrons, probably imported 

 from Holland three or four years ago. The damage, which is done 

 chiefly in June and July, is similar to that caused by S. pyri, F. 

 The eggs, which are laid in late July or early August on the thick 

 part of the under-surface of the leaf, hibernate in that state and hatch 

 in the following spring, the adult being mature and able to migrate, 

 to other plants three months from the time of hatching. In Holland 

 there is only one generation in a year. Successful treatments have 

 been given of nicotine sprays mixed with 2 per cent, soap and 1 per 

 cent, spirit. Soap or pyrethrum are also used as sprays, and should 

 be applied frequently to the under-surface of the leaf early in spring 

 before the insects have become winged. The soil should be turned 

 with a spade after treatment. Fumigation is also recommended 

 [see this Review, Ser. A, vi, p. 443]. Only healthy stock should be 

 used and young plants when transplanted should be carefully examined 

 and all leaves attacked by the insect should be picked off and burnt. 



Del Guercio (G.). Ceeidomyid Flies living on Olea chrysophylla and 

 0. europaea, in Eritrea and Italy respectively. — AgricoUura 

 Coloniole, Flwence, xii, no. 2, 1918, pp. 65-102, 35 figs. (Abstract 

 in Mthly. Bull. Agric. Jntell. & PI. Dis., Rome, ix, no. 8, August 

 1918, pp. 1012-1013.) 



The following new species of Cecidomyids are described from 

 larvae or pupae in the absence of adults : — Rhabdophaga oleiperda 

 attacks young branches of Olea chrysojihylla in Eritrea, the larvae 

 causing galls which eventually kill the branches attacked or render 

 them sterile. The larvae are attacked by an ectoparasitic Chalcid. 



