533 



Fumigation with sulphur effectively destroyed both adults and 

 larvae, and heat killed both larvae and eggs placed in an oven for 

 31 minutes at a temperature of 110° F. Larvae and eggs in infested 

 flannel were destroyed bv dipping the flannel for 10 seconds in water 

 at 140° F. 



Two species of carpet beetles^ Attagenus piceus, Ohv., and Anthrenus 

 scrophulariae, L., attack heavier fabrics, such as carpets and blankets 

 in the United States. The former, on account of its greater abundance, 

 was used in the experimental work. NaphthaUne and camphor 

 effectively prevented infestation of clothing and killed all stages of 

 the beetle, though the action of camphor was much slower. A red- 

 cedar chest killed adults and newly-hatched larvae, but had no effect 

 on larvae half-grown or larger, while red-cedar chips were only moder- 

 ately effective against the adults. P}Tethrum powder was much 

 less effective against carpet-beetle larvae than against those of the 

 clothes-moth. The larvae were killed by various mixtures of mineral 

 oils, cither undiluted, or only slightly diluted, and both larvae and 

 eggs were Idlled by laundry soap in strong solutions. Ethyl alcohol 

 (50-95 per cent.), powdered cloves, gasoline, mercuric chloride, and 

 fumigation with sulphur (81 oz. to 360 cu. ft.) killed the larvae effec- 

 tively. Nicotine solutions and tobacco powders were of no practical 

 value, and ethyl alcohol (20 to 40 per cent.), allspice, arsenious acid, 

 borax, formaldehyde fumigation, hellebore, lavender flowers, Ume, 

 black pepper, sodium fluoride and sulphur were all ineffective against 

 the larvae. Oil of cedar leaves was effective, and lavender flowers 

 ineffective, in protecting flannel from infestation. The eggs were killed 

 by ethyl alcohol (30, 50, 70 and 100 per cent.), but not by borax, 

 gasoline, mercuric chloride and sulphur. Heat killed the larvae 

 when exposed in an incubator to a temperature of 120° F. for 30 

 minutes. A higher temperature was needed to kill the eggs. Larvae 

 and eggs on infested flannel were killed by dipping it for 5 seconds 

 into hot water at a temperature of 140° F. 



The part of this bulletin dealing with bedbugs is noticed elsewhere 

 [see this Review, Ser. B, vi, p. 240]. 



De Weever (P. M.). Bee-keeping in British Guiana. — Jl. Brit. 



Guiana Bd. Agric, Georgetown, xi, no. 3, July 1918, pp. 86-96. 



Eciton, burchelli, Westw. (Yakman ant) is the most important 

 enemy of the honey-bee in British Guiana. For days preceding an 

 attack the ants gather in swarms near the hive, ancl when the time 

 comes, swarm up the legs of the stand, and by sheer force of numbers 

 overpower and kill the bees. Bee-keepers may prevent an attack 

 by lighting a fire to windward of a hive and feeding it with green 

 grass and leaves. The dense smoke causes the ants to drop to the 

 ground where they may be killed by surrounding them with a ring 

 of fire. The sur/iving bees that have remained clustered round 

 their queen should then be placed in a fresh box and fed with s^Tup. 



Weakening of a colony due to the attacks of robber-bees induces 

 attack by Galleria melonella, L. (bee-moth), in which case the entrance 

 to the hive must be contracted and the bees fed. Badly infested 

 combs should be melted down and fresh ones put in their places, 

 the bees being fed on a sugar syrup, not on honey. 



