544 



Owing to the disturbed conditions in Mexico, the presence of 

 P. gossijfiella there was not detected till the end of 1916, by which 

 time a large amount of Mexican cotton seed had been shipped to mills 

 in Texas. The State authorities in Texas were notified and the Federal 

 Horticultural Board began a campaign to expedite the crushing of 

 the seed and the. destruction of any scattered about the premises. 

 This work was done with the utmost possible dispatch and great 

 thoroughness. The pest however had gained a footing in Texas, 

 and active measures to eradicate it were imdertaken by the Federal 

 Horticultural Board in co-operation with the Department of Agriculture 

 of the State of Texas. The work consisted in determining the limits 

 of infestation, the destruction of any plants yet remaining in the fields, 

 and the safeguarding of the cotton produced m these fields during 

 the season of 1917. Plants in the fields were uprooted or chopped 

 down, all locks or portions of locks on the ground were collected 

 by hand, and all accumulated trash was burnt with the help of kerosene, 

 an operation that employed 500 men fipm the beginning of November 

 till the middle of March. Early in 1918 a proclamation was issued 

 prohibiting the planting of cotton in certain quarantined areas of 

 Texas. 



Active steps towards the control of P. gossyjnella have also been 

 undertaken in Mexico, one of these being a quarantine against the 

 main infested territory, with a provision for a safety zone of considerable 

 depth. The other provides for the fumigation of all cotton seed pro- 

 duced, whether intended for crushing or planting. 



Feacker (S. B.). White Grubs. Their Life-History and Control. — 

 Wisconsin State Dept. Agric, Madison, Circ. no. 11, April 1918, 

 4 pp., 4 figs. [Received 17th October 1918.] 



The species of Lachnosterna breed and oviposit in grassland, lawns, 

 meadows, and weedy fields, but not in cultivated fields or clover. 

 Since the life-cycle occupies 3 years, in the one following oviposition 

 the soil is heavily infested with the larvae. Such grassland should 

 therefore not be ploughed and sown with maize or cultivated crops, 

 but where convenient, pigs should be turned on to it to root out the 

 grubs. Maize and cultivated crops should be planted only on land 

 that was under clover or a cultivated crop the previous summer. 



Fracker (S. B.). San Jos6 Scale, what it is and how to control it. — 



Wisconsin State Dept. Agric, Madison, Circ. no. 10, March 1918, 

 4 pp., 2 figs. 



The San Jose scale [Aspidiotus perniciosus] is not an important 

 pest in the State of Wisconsin, but since it is easily introduced by means 

 of infested nursery stock, and then spreads with the utmost rapidity, 

 it should be controlled on its first appearance, either by the destruction 

 of every tree and shrub infested, or by means of a dormant spray. 

 The best solutions for this purpose are : — Lime-sulphur 1 gal, water 

 8 gals ; Scalecide 1 gal., water 12 gals. ; kerosene emulsion 1 gal., 

 water 3| gals. ; any one of wh ch should be applied after severe 

 pruning, which is always desirable, and in the case of severely infested 

 twigs, absolutely essential. 



