561 



Pike (M. P.). Dominion Experimental Orchard Work in 1917. —Fifty - 

 fourth Ann. Rept. Nova Scotia Fruit Growers' Assoc, for 1918, 

 Port Williams, 1918, pp. 145-166. 



The value of various sprays is discussed, chiefly with regard to the 

 control of apple scab. From results obtained during the past four 

 years it is evident that hme-sulphur arsenate is a more satisfactory 

 spray than Bordeaux arsenate. Lead arsenate has been found the 

 most efficient insecticide to use with lime-sulphur. Heavy applications 

 of lime-sulphur arsenate are hkely to cause scorching ; the lighter 

 the appKcation the less scalding will result. Scorching of the foliage 

 may be due to lime-sulphur only, but the addition of an arsenate 

 increases the damage; yellow^ing of the foliage is apparently due 

 entirely to the arsenate and not to the lime-sulphur. Foliage injury 

 has appeared principally after the fourth spray, and Bordeaux arsenate 

 in this connection seems to cause as much injury as lime-sulphur 

 arsenate. It is thought that more attention should be given to 

 sprays applied before blooming and that the strength of 1 to 40 lime- 

 sulphur in these sprays can be made without danger of foliage injury 

 if reasonable applications are given. If only one spray is applied 

 before blossoming, it should be given just when the pink of the blossoms 

 becomes apparent. The spray after the petals have fallen should be 

 weaker, about 1 to 50 strength of lime-sulphur. The fourth spray 

 should not be a drench spray, but should be as hghtly applied and 

 misty as possible, using 1 : 50 or 1 : 60 strength. 



ScAMMEL (H. B.). Cranberry Insect Problems and Suggestions for 



solving them. — U.S. Dept. Agric, Washington, B.C., Farmers' 



Bull. no. 860, December 1917, 45 pp., 38 figs. [Received 29th 

 October 1918.] 



Cranberry insects can be disposed of with little difficulty where 

 there is an abundant water supply, permitting flooding and re-flooding 

 at the proper times, and when the sites of new bogs are to be chosen 

 this should be borne in mind. Where the supply of water is insufficient 

 other measures for insect control must be resorted to. Foliage- 

 attacking insects include Rhopobota vacciniana, Pack, (blackhead 

 fireworm). The eggs of this species are deposited in July and August 

 on the under-side of cranberrv' leaves, and may hatch as early as 

 20th April on dry bogs. Deep flowage and heavy vine growth delay 

 the time of hatching. Eggs of the second generation appear in late 

 Jime or early July. Reflowing when properly timed has proved the 

 be.st control measure. Flowage should be apphed when the larvae 

 are about full-grown ; in the pupal stage 4 days' reflowage is required 

 to exterminate them. The water must be kept just over the tips 

 and any exposed tips must be mown or burnt. Recommendations 

 for spraying as given in this bulletin are quoted elsewhere 

 [see this Revievj, Ser. A, vi, p. 553]. Peronea minuta, Rob. (yellow- 

 head fireworm) is frequently troublesome in New Jersey, but is of 

 minor importance at present in other cranberry regions. The larvae 

 of both the above species make webs joining the termuial leaves and 

 buds together, beneath which they feed. The second generation 

 of larvae, as well as attacking the leaves, eat the blossoms and bore 

 into the newly developed berries. P. minuta may have at least 



