568 



and subsequent to .the first recognition of the pink bollworm in 1911 

 certainly gives no support to the theory of Egyptian origin. On the 

 other hand, the evidence of its recent entry into Egypt is circumstantial 

 and practically determined, both as to time and place of introduction, 

 namely, in large importations of imperfectly ginned cotton or seed 

 cotton from India in 1906 and 1907, this being distributed to towns 

 near Alexandria for ginning, in which district the pink bollworm first 

 appeared. 



If the natural range of this insect extended to Africa it must have 

 been limited to equatorial Africa, and certainly prior to 1906 or 1907 

 it had not reached the cultivated district of the Nile Valley, where cotton 

 has been an important crop commercially for at least a hundred years. 



Glaser (R. W.). a New Bacterial Disease of Gipsy Moth Caterpillars. 



— Jl. Agric. Research, Washington, D.C., xiii, no. 10, 3rd June 

 1918, pp. 515-522, 1 plate. [Received 31st October 1918.] 



A new infectious disease has been recorded as occurring in certain 

 cultures of the Japanese race of the gipsy moth, Lymaniria {Porthefria} 

 dispar, L., and has also spread to cultures of the American race. The 

 disease proves to be entirely distinct from wilt disease, the causat've- 

 agent being a streptococcus which is new to science and is described 

 in this paper under the name Streptococcus disparis. This bacteri\im: 

 enters the alimentary ■ tract of the caterpillars with ingested food ; 

 during the later stages of the disease and after death it invades practi- 

 cally all the tissues. S. disparis is not pathogenic to silkworms 

 (Bombyx mori, L.) nor to army worms [Cirphis unipuncta, Haw.), 

 nor to human beings, guinea pigs, or rabbits. The disease was success- 

 fully reproduced in the field on several occasions ; in two places quite 

 a severe epidemic was created. 



WoGLUM (R. S.). Fumigation of Citrus Trees. — U.S. Dept. Agric.,, 

 Washington, B.C., Farmers' Bull. no. 923, March 1918, 30 pp.,, 

 17 figs. [Received 29th October 1918.] 



This bulletin contains a general account of the approved methods, 

 of fumigating citrus trees with hydrocyanic-acid gas to control scale- 

 insects and whiteflies. It deals with methods of procedure, necessary 

 equipment, chemicals and the effect of the gas on insects and plants, 

 and includes dosage schedules to be employed for the control of the 

 various common citrus pests. 



Davis (J. J.). Common White Grubs, — JJ.S. Dept. Agric, 

 y, Washington, B.C., Farmers' Bull. no. 940, May 1918, 28 pp., 

 21 figs. [Received 29th October 1918.] 



This is a revised edition of a previous bulletin [see this Revieiv, 

 Ser. A, ii, p. 121]. In addition to the information contained in the 

 earlier issue, further parasites of white grubs are enumerated, including 

 the larvae of MicrophtJialma disjuncta, Wied., and Ptilodexia tibialis, 

 Desv., and the flies, Cryptomeigenia theutis, Wlk., Eutrixa exile, Coq., 

 and Biomyia lachnosternae. Towns., which oviposit on the adult 

 l^eetles wiaen they are feeding at night. The larvae of the robber fly, 

 Proinachus vertebratus, are predaceous upon the white grubs. The 

 value of white grubs and May beetles as animal food and as manure 

 is discussed. 



