him, on cherry, and the larvae hatched. But i" subsequent 

 journeyings they starved. In Papilio, for September, 1882, Mr. 

 M. Edwards relates that he had the larva: of California RuUdns 

 past third moult, but then lost them. The stages, as described 

 by him, do not agree with the figures of same stages of Timms 

 as given in Vol. II., But. N. A. 



The distinctive marks of Rutidus of the Pacific Coast, as 

 compared with Turnus of the Atlantic, are many. 



1. The fore wings of Rutidus are more falcated. 



2. The tails are straight, of nearly or quite even width, and 

 not spatulate. 



3. The common black band, which crosses middle of cell of 

 secondaries, is more decided. It is heavy and black, as in 

 Eurymedo7i. In Turmis it is faint. 



4. On the under side there is an absence of fulvous or orange 

 on hind wings, both in the marginal lunules and in the median 

 interspaces of the disk. Turnus has much orange. 



5. In the ? Rutulus, the blue scales on secondaries, upper 

 side, form a stripe, broken at the nervules. In ? Turnus they 

 form conspicuous lunate patches, materially unlike the other. 



6. The color of Rutu/us S is sometimes very dark throughout, 

 what is called Indian-yellow. 



7. In ¥ Turnus there is a large sub-rotund fulvous spot at 

 outer angle of hind wings, upper side. In ? Ridulus^ either no spot 

 there, or a narrow line, as in Eurymedon, almost always yellow. 



8. No black females of Ridulus have been seen ; but black 

 females predominate vastly as we go southward, in Turnus. In 

 fact, in the trans-Mississippi region, and through Texas, a yellow 

 female Turnus is an extreme rarity. Now many Texan butter- 

 flies fly also in Colorado and Arizona. Even the black $ of Lye. 

 Violacea is taken in South Colorado. So that the absence of 

 black females of this Papilio is remarkable, and unaccountable, on 

 the theory that Rutulus is a var. of Turnus. 



In many of these points Ridulus agrees with Eurymedon. If 

 the latter were colored like Turnus it would' pass for Rutidus. In 

 fact, Rutidus is nearer Eur}jncdonih.din to Turnus. 



Rutidus, as it manifests itself on the Pacific Coast, should 

 unquestionably be regarded as distinct from the Eastern Turnus, 

 even without knowledge of the caterpillar. 



The form taken in Arizona and South Colorado differs in 

 some respects from both the Turnus and Rutidus types. But it 

 most resemble? Rutulus. 



1. In the shape of the tails, inasmuch as they are not 

 spatulate, but bent inward like Eurymedon. The outer edge of 

 the tail makes an arc of a circle. 



2. In the absence of orange. There is none at all in either of 

 the examples. In two $ $ from South Colorado, one is free from 



