88 



purer white, with fewer and less distinct marks ; and the disk of 

 hind wings of Neglecta is pale, with a deep blue marginal border, 

 while in Pseiidargiolns both wings are of one hue. The northern 

 summer form is Neglecta ; in the south, Pseiidargiohis flies in 

 May and Neglecta in June, and, as I shall show, have not a 

 direct relationship with each other notwithstanding the re- 

 semblance. 



We have therefore Pseiidargiolns, Neglecta, Marginata, Vio- 

 lacea and the melanic male (originally supposed to be the female) 

 of the latter, all going to make one polymorphic species. I pro- 

 pose to show what is known of the inter-relationship of these 

 forms. 



1. In the high boreal regions both Lucia and Violacea fly. 



I have Violacea from St. Michael's, Alaska; also from Anti- 

 Costi. And Lucia from Anticosti and Lake Winnipeg. Kirby's 

 Lucia was taken in lat 54°, or about as far north as the upper end 

 of Winnipeg. Mr. Couper, who collected for two seasons on An- 

 ticosti, is confident that no butterfly can be double-brooded on. 

 that island, by reason of the short and cold summer. Probably 

 .■at St. Michael's all species are monogoneutic also. As only two 

 -examples were received from this locality, both of which were Vio- 

 lacea, we cannot tell whether Liicia flies there or not. Very 

 probably it does, and, if so, these two forms in Alaska as well as 

 on Anticosti equally represent the species. Being single-brooded, 

 they together stand for the parent species. They are the 

 primary or winter generation. As the species has extended 

 -to the south, where a second generation was permitted, Neglecta 

 is derived directly from it. 



2. In a belt of latitude covering part of Canada and 

 British America, and southward to Long Island at the east, and 

 Racine, Wisconsin, at the west, we have Lucia, Marginata, Vio- 

 lacea and Neglecta. The three forms of the winter generation 

 appear, in the territories they all inhabit, at the same period of 

 the year. Neither precedes the other in time. 



I give a table of localities of both the winter and summer 

 generations, as they manifest themselves; also adding Piasiis to 

 bring the entire sub-group into one view. 



Now as to the three members of the winter form appearing 

 at the same time of the year. At my request, several gentlemen 

 undertook very kindly to pay special attention to this point, the 

 present year. Unfortunately, in most localities, this has been the 

 most wretched conceivable season for butterflies, and Mr. Hulst 

 is the only person who has met with the species we are consider- 

 ing in any numbers. 



1. Dr. E. C. Howe, Yonkers, N. Y., says: "All these forms 

 do really occur here, and at the same time." 



2. Rev. George D. Hulst, of Brooklyn, N. Y., between 17 

 April and 19 May, took 118 s 31 ?• The first example was a $ 



