52 



Sudan ; Stilobezzia ntfa from Kamerun ; and Nilohezzia armata, 

 N. armata var. flaviventris, n., A'', armata var. alhipennis, n., and 

 A^. armata var. fusca, n., from the Sudan. 



Keys are given to the species of the genera Lepidohelea, Ceratopogon, 

 Airichopogon, Dasyhelea and Culicoides. 



Noc (F.). Au Sujet de la Peste Murine a Dakar. — Bull. Soc. Path. 

 Exot., Paris, xiv, no. 9, 9th November 1921, pp. 516-519. 



The rat, Cricetomys gamhianus, must be considered as a vector of 

 rat plague in Senegal. Xenopsylla cheopis has been taken on this 

 species. Mus alexandrinus appears to be the most widely distributed, 

 and M. rufinus takes the place of M. decumanus in human habitations. 



The fleas so far observed on rats at Dakar are chiefly X. cheopis, 

 and Heckenroth has also recorded Pulex irritans. The author has 

 found Echidnophaga gallinacea in abundance. Although this species 

 will attack rats, other mammals and man, it does not possess the same 

 migratory habits as X. cheopis, and it cannot be definitely stated that 

 it plays a similar part in the transmission of plague. E. gallinacea, 

 when feeding on infected animals, excretes blood containing the 

 causative organism of the disease. The organisms thus freed are 

 ingested by rodents or the larvae of the fleas. Their ultimate fate 

 requires further study as a possible explanation of the occurrence of 

 chronic plague in rats, in view of the fact that small rodents are capable 

 of acquiring immunity by repeated ingestion of living plague bacilli. 



Franchini (G.). Trypanosome de la Chauve-souris en Italie. Formes 

 viscerales et Stades de D^veloppement chez un Acarien Gamaside, 



le Leiognathus laverani n. sp. — Bidl. Soc. Path. Exot., Paris, xiv, 

 no. 9, 9th November 1921, pp. 542-546, 2 figs. 



Bats {Vesperugo pipistrellus) captured in the marshes in the vicinity 

 of Bologna were found to harbour a few trypanosomes in the cardiac 

 blood. These organisms do not multiply in the peripheral blood, 

 but occur chiefly in the lungs and hver, and possibly other organs. 

 The parasite is leishmaniform until the young trypanosomes appear. 

 The crithidial forms were not found in the organs, though they 

 have been recorded from the same bat in Alsace, in which case they 

 form cysts in the stomach and intestine. Fleas and mites were taken 

 on the bats ; of these Leiognathus laverani, Berl., harboured crithidial 

 forms and young trypanosomes, occasionally also adult trypanosomes 

 similar to those found in the blood of the bats. In two mites, leish- 

 maniform organisms and Herpetomonads were found in smears of the 

 digestive tract, and these Acarids are probably the transmitters of 

 natural infection in bats. 



With reference to the hypothesis on the relation of trypanosomes of 

 bats to endemic goitre in man [R. A.E., B, ix, 120], it is pointed out 

 that this disease does not exist in the provinces of Bologna and Ferrara. 



Babault (G.). Observations sur I'Adaptation zoophile des Anopheles 

 en Savoie. — Btdl. Soc. Path. Exot., Paris, xiv, no. 9, 9th November 

 1921, pp. 564-566. 



The author's observations with regard to the preference of Anopheles 

 maculipennis for the blood of animals substantiate those by Roubaud 

 [R.A.E., B, viii, 141]. It is stated that in Savoy A. macidipennis 

 does not attack man at all, but derives its food supply from domestic 

 animals, mainly cattle. 



