75 



The Anophelines recorded from Waziristan are : Anopheles 



pulcherrimus, A. culicifacies, A. stephensi, A. suhpictus {rossi), A. 



fuliginosus, A. listoni, A. turkhudi, A. rhodesiensis , A. nursei and 

 A. macidipaipis. 



Iyengar (M. O. T.). A Note on Grappling Tail-hooks in Anopheline 

 Larvae. — Ind. Jl. Med. Res., Calcutta, ix, no. 3, January 

 1922, pp. 630-633, 2 plates. 



The above-mentioned organs are present in the following species : 

 Anopheles suhpictus, Grassi {rossi, Giles), A. vagus, Don., A. culici- 

 facies, Giles, A. fidiginosiis, Giles, A. jamesi, Theo., A. macidipaipis, 

 Giles, A. macidatiis, Theo., A. minimus, Theo., A. listoni. List., 

 A. stephensi, List., A. harhirostris, Wulp, A. hyrcanus. Pall., and 

 A. gigas, Giles. 



By means of these hooks, the larvae breeding in stagnant waters 

 hang on to the roots of floating vegetation when disturbed, and those 

 breeding in running water cling to boulders on the sides of streams. 



Flu (P. C). Tests re the Period in which Stegomyia fasciata can hve 

 at Low Temperatures. — Meded. Burg. Geneesk. Dienst Ned.- 

 Indie, Batavia, 1920, vii, pp. 99-105. (Also in Dutch.) 



The subject matter of this paper on the resistance of Aedes argenteus, 

 Poiret {Stegomyia fasciata, F.) to the low temperatures of cold storage 

 chambers on ships is the same as that of one noticed from another 

 source [R.A.E., B, viii, 202]. 



HoESEN (H. W.). Rat-plague Indicators in Java. — Meded. Burg. 

 Geneesk. Dienst Ned.- Indie, Batavia, 1920, viii, pp. 2-89. (Also 

 in Dutch.) 



As a result of investigations in Java SweUengrebel stated that a 

 certain relation seemed to exist between the increase of fleas in a given 

 district and the occurrence of rat plague there [R.A.E., B, i, 88]. 

 Whether this relation actually exists or not is a question of importance, 

 an affirmative reply providing a rapid means of proving the existence 

 or non-existence of rat plague. There are three " indirect " indicators 

 of rat plague, viz., the flea-index ; the percentage of flea-carrying 

 rats ; and the relative percentage of such rats and those carrying 

 trjApanosomes and being shorter than 151 mm. {i.e., young animals not 

 yet immune against trypanosomiasis). With an outbreak of rat 

 plague the percentage of the former would increase, owing to the con- 

 centration of fleas on the living rats, while that of the latter would 

 remain constant, as the infection with Trypanosoma lewisi appears only 

 after a week or two, and the rats would have died of plague long before 

 that, while both parasites are chiefly carried by fleas. These indirect 

 indicators had to be compared with the " direct " indicators, viz., the 

 occurrence of cases of human plague or the discovery of infected 

 rats and fleas. Investigations with this object in view are described 

 in detail. 



It does not appear possible in Java to decide merely by reason of 

 the value of the indirect indicators whether the epizootic is occurring 

 or not, though it may be possible to diagnose rat plague on indirect 

 lines by means of a method (described here) of grouping the figures 

 from the flea-index and the percentage of flea-carr}ang rats. 



(6001) G 2 



