101 



meat and wine. The successful quinine treatment in France is 

 compared with the contrary results obtained with the same treatment 

 in Algeria, the result being apparently due to climatic differences. 

 Without completely denying the protective role played by cattle, 

 the author considers it to be very limited and also counteracted by 

 the supply of nourishment afforded to the Anophelines. 



In certain parts of France where the Anopheles question is not a 

 formidable one in itself, malaria may be almost completely eradicated 

 by the amelioration of the living conditions of the population and the 

 administration of quinine. 



RouBAUD (E.). A Propos des Races zoophiles d' Anopheles. — Bull. 

 Soc. Path. ExoL, Paris, xv, no. 1, 11th January 1922, pp. 36-39. 



The deductions made b}/ the author in his previous paper [R. A.E., 

 B, X, 53] were only meant as an indication of the conclusions arrived 

 at as a result of those particular observations and should not be in 

 any way considered as final. The observations of Sergent, Parrot 

 and Foley [R.A.E., B, x, 100], although carried out on a very much 

 greater number of individuals, do not appear to overthrow the author's 

 theory. Among those mosquitos attacking chiefly man the greater 

 proportion of individuals appear to have less than 14 " teeth " on 

 the maxilla. Attention is drawn to the fact that although there is 

 such a difference in the numbers examined (1,222 as against 36) in 

 Algeria and by the present author, the actual variation is only very 

 slight. That the theory is not verified in Algeria can only be accepted 

 after an accurate comparison of further observations in different 

 regions has been made, the averages thus obtained having a more 

 definite value. A uniform method of counting " teeth " must also 

 be accepted. The present author has ignored the tooth-like projection 

 frequently occurring at the base of the saw at a variable distance from 

 it, and in the case of the numbers varying on each maxilla the average 

 has been taken. 



In answer to the objections raised by Langeron in the preceding 

 paper the author, after referring to a previous paper [R. A.E., B, viii, 

 141], states that malarial infection is not generally in proportion to 

 the relative abundance of Anophelines. For instance in Corsica, 

 Macedonia, Algeria, etc., where malaria is prevalent, there are relatively 

 few mosquitos, whereas in France, where the relations between Anophe- 

 lines and animals are more normal and constant, there is very little 

 malaria in spite of the large number of mosquitos. 



Cultivation of the soil, systematic draining, etc., undoubtedly 

 reduce malaria, but not as a result of a reduction in the number of 

 mosquitos. By reclaiming all land into a definite drainage system 

 the breeding places become defined and limited and also more constant. 

 These modifications are important, as they enable the females to stabilise 

 their preference for animal hosts and thus increase the influence of 

 natural selection. Mosquitos breeding at a distance from their food- 

 supply are in consequence in urgent need of a blood meal and are 

 therefore unable to show any preference for any particular host, as 

 they would be able to do under the above conditions. 



Delanoe (P.). Au Sujet d'un Piege a Puces. — Bull. Soc. Path. Exot., 

 Paris, XV, no. 1, 11th January 1922, pp. 39-41. 

 The flea trap here described consists of a fairly large receptacle 

 containing water covered wdth oil. The water is not essential, and 



