142 



Ingram (A.). Aphiochaeta xanthina, Speiser {A. ferrnginea, Brun.)/ 

 as an Intestinal Parasite in the Gold Coast. — //. Trap. Med. &■ 

 Hyg., London, xxv, no. 9, 1st May 1922, pp. 113-115. 



Aphiochaeta xanthina, Speiser, is recorded as an intestinal parasite, 

 of man in West Africa. An account of breeding experiments with this 

 fly is given. The pupae seem to have little power of resisting 

 desiccation. 



Waterston (J.). Malaria in Macedonia, 1915-1919. Part V. Ento- 

 mological Observations on Mosquitoes in Macedonia. — //. 



R.A.M.C., London, xxxviii, no. 5, May 1922, pp. 334-349. 



This paper gives a summary of the knowledge of the Culicid fauna of 

 Macedonia. A list of the mosquitos contains twenty-six species and. 

 two varieties, and there are keys to the species of each genus. 

 Particulars are given of the distribution and habitat of each species 

 [R.A.E., B, vi, 162, 201, etc.]. 



Although thousands of Cidex larvae were reared, C.fatigans was never 

 found, and all individuals suspected of being this species that were 

 brought to the laboratory were C. pipiens. The egg-scattering 

 species of mosquitos {Anopheles and Ochlcrotatus) showed a partiality 

 for laying their eggs at the edge of the container, where a thin film 

 of water mounts the side by surface tension. Should this habit 

 prove to be widely spread in the genus Anopheles, it will have to be 

 considered when organising sanitary measures. 



The larvae of a water beetle, Acilius sp., destroyed a large number 

 of Culicids, but its usefulness is probably limited where many Culicines 

 are present, as it does not attack Anophelines until the former are all 

 destroyed. 



Boyd (J. E. M.). Entomological Notes : On a Muscid Fly breeding on 

 a Ship at Sea.—//. R. A.M.C., London, xxxviii, no. 5, May 1922, 

 pp. 378-379. 



The extensive and continuous breeding of Mnsca sp. on a ship at 

 sea is recorded. There was probably some flaw in the sanitation of 

 the ship. Although several likely breeding-places were examined, no 

 pupae or larvae were found. Other insects on board were cockroaches,, 

 fleas, bugs, Phthirus pubis, and Sarcoptcs scabiei hominis.- 



Cragg (F. W.). The Epidemiology of Relapsing Fever in India. — Trans.. 

 R. Soc. Trop. Med. S- Hvg., London, xv, no. 8, 16th Februarv 

 1922, pp. 236-252, 1 chart. 



The results of the observations here described on the seasonal 

 occurrence of relapsing fever in the United Provinces [cf. R.A.E., 

 B, X, 138] indicated the possible existence of some other carrier of 

 the disease than the louse, though experiment has only proved. 

 Pediculus to be implicated. 



During the cold weather the life-history of the louse is much the 

 same as in Europe, except that owing to the character of the native 

 clothing it is more susceptible to atmospheric conditions. One 

 period of the early part of the hot weather is particularly favourable 

 to the insect, but it is almost completely exterminated during the 

 extreme dry heat of May. The rise and fall of the disease are appar- 

 ently determined by much the same climatic conditions as control- 

 plague. 



