177 



under conditions of lowered vitality, such as when the larvae are 

 in ice-covered water and when the temperature of the water does 

 not exceed 4-5° C. 



By this means they are able to breathe the air contained in the 

 water. 



Connor (M. E.). Notes on the Use of Freshwater Fish as Consumers 

 of Mosquito Larvae in Containers used in the House, based upon 

 Experience in Guayaquil, Ecuador, and Merida, Yucatan, Mexico. — 



Amer. Jl. Public Health, xii, no. 3, March 1922, pp. 193-194. 

 (Abstract in Sanit. Snppmts., Trop. Dis. Bull., London, no. 2, 

 30th June 1922, pp. 104-105.) 



This is a condensed account of the author's experiences with larvi- 

 cidal fish in many campaigns against yellow fever. Points that make 

 the use of fish effective are enumerated. Top-feeders are best for open- 

 air fountains and collections of water of a similar nature, while bottom- 

 feeders are best for tubs, barrels, etc., in the house. Apparently no 

 fish will live in metal tanks ; for these, tight-fitting hds must be 

 provided. 



Barney (R. L.) & Anson (B. J.). The Seasonal Abundance of the 

 Mosquito-destroying Top-minnow, Gamhusia affinis, especially in 

 relation to Fecundity. — Anat. Rec, xxii, no. 5, 1921, pp. 317-335, 



9 figs. (Abstract in Expt. Sta. Record, Washington, B.C., xlvi, 

 no. 8, June 1922, p. 750.) 



This report deals with biological studies conducted by the U.S. 

 Bureau of Fisheries in co-operation with the U.S. Bureau of Ento- 

 mology during the years 1916 to 1918 and in 1920. 



Park (G. W.). Gamhusia affinis, the Natural Agent for Destroying 

 Mosquito-breeding in Texas. — Texas State Jl. Med., Fort Worth, 

 xvii, no. 12, April 1922, pp. 579-581, 2 figs. 



The Texas State Board of Health have found Gamhusia affinis a 

 valuable auxihary in mosquito destruction. Data regarding the use 

 of this fish are given. 



Hall (M. C). Treatments for removing the Gastrointestinal Parasites 



of Horses. — A^. Amer. Veterinarian [Chicago, ///.], ii, no. 11, 1921, 

 pp. 512-524, 550. (Abstract in Expt. Sta. Record, Washington, 

 D.C., xlvi, no. 7, May 1922, pp. 685-686.) 



A review of the literature and a report of tests made of carbon 

 tetrachloride and mixtures of carbon tetrachloride and carbon 

 bisulphide are given. 



The results indicate that carbon bisulphide in a dose of 6 dr. to a 

 horse that has fasted properly is a reliable treatment for the removal 

 of bots. Oil of chenopodium is not of value for this purpose. Carbon 

 tetrachloride is apparently more effective, relatively, against Gastro- 

 philus nasalis than against G. intestinalis, but its efficacy against bots 

 is less than that of carbon bisulphide. Carbon tetrachloride was 

 ineffective in removing Hahronema from one horse, and as this drug is 

 less toxic than carbon bisulphide it is probable that the latter should 

 be used in the case of these worms. The combination of carbon 

 bisulphide and carbon tetrachloride does not appear to be particularly 

 valuable. 



