209 



The species of which the synonymy is discussed include C. guttifer, 

 de Meij., with which the author considers C. leucostictus, Kieff., from 

 the Seychelles, to be identical, while the European C . pidipennis , Winn., 

 is extremely similar. C. maculithorax, Will., from Jamaica is apparently 

 identical with the Indian and Malayan C. oxy stoma, Kieff. 



Notes are given on the genus Lasiohelea, Kieff., which should replace 

 Lutz's Centrorhynchus. Besides L. siyHfer, Lutz, of South America, 

 and L. velox, Winn, {pilosipennis , Kieff.) of Europe, Forcipomyia 

 lefanui, Carter, from the Gold Coast, and Ceratopogon stimulans, 

 de Meij., from Sumatra, may be referred to this genus. 



It would seem that Lasiohelea, Leptoconops {sens, lat.) and Culicoides 

 are the only three genera of the Ceratopogoninae whose members 

 are mostly or all habitual blood-suckers. The species recorded as 

 J ohannseniella fulvithorax, Aust., taken in the act of biting, has been 

 recently shown by Carter to be really a Culicoides. 



Buxton (P. A.). On Fish and Mosquitos in Palestine. — Bull. Ent. 

 Res., London, xiii, pt. 2, August 1922, pp. 203-204. 



The drainage of certain large areas of marsh and a series of swamps 

 in Palestine cannot be at present attempted, owing to the inadequacy 

 of the financial resources of the country. In this connection a study 

 of the native fish has been undertaken, the results of which are dis- 

 couraging though interesting. The contents of the gut of Mugil sp., 

 Tilapia zillii, and Cyprinodon spp. were examined, but in no case 

 were Culicid larvae found in the dissected fish. Cyprinodon appears 

 to be almost omnivorous, and this and its variety of methods of 

 taking food are points in its favour, as owing to them it is probably 

 able to exist in spite of changing conditions ; it is also apparently 

 resistant to considerable changes in salinity. 



Field observations have been more encouraging. Although Aedes 

 {Ochlerotatus) caspius was found breeding in profusion in isolated cattle 

 footprints near a marsh, where these were connected with the main 

 body of the marsh by water, no larvae were found ; they were also 

 absent from the shallows of the marsh itself, probably owing to the 

 abundance of Cyprinodon calaritanus and Tilapia zillii in all shallow 

 places. The larvae of Culex perexiguus were also markedly confined 

 to small collections of water to which fish had no access, and although 

 larvae of Anopheles hyrcanus [sinensis] were numerous in patches of 

 green algae that appeared to protect them from Cyprinodon, Culicine 

 larvae were never found in the larger bodies of water. 



Rivera (A.). Enfermedades de la Piel en el Ganado. [Affections of 



the Hide of Live Stock. 1 — Porto Rico Insular Expt. Sta., Rio 



Piedras, Circ. 68, April 1922, 9 pp. [Received 23rd August 1922.] 



This is a list of the various parasites that occur on the skin of cattle, 



pigs, sheep and goats. Particulars of the symptoms and remedies 



for them are given. They include the tick, Ixodes ricinus, and various 



mites causing mange. 



Martini (E.). Bemerkungen zu einigen neueren Miiekenarbeiten, 

 welche auch fiir die deutsche Fauna wichtig sind. [Remarks on 

 some recent Works on Mosquitos, also important for the German 

 Fauna.] — Ent. Mitt., Berlin, xi, no. 4, 15th August 1922, pp. 

 158-166. 

 Since the publication in 1920 of the author's paper on European 



mosquitos [R.A.E., B, ix, 35], several important works on this subject 



