232 



but has not yet been found in the uninfected area, Plilebotomtis per- 

 turbans, ticks, Trombidium spp. (mites), Muscid larvae (? Calhphorines) 

 in pigeons nests, fleas in houses, Penicillidium spp. on bats, and 

 Lynchia spp. on pigeons. 



Parkek (G. H.). Possible Pedogenesis in the Blow-ily, CalUphora 

 erythroce-bhala, Meigen. — Psyche, Boston, xxix, no. 4, August 

 1922, pp. 127-131. 



In breeding experiments with CalUphora erythrocephala, Meig., 

 during the autumn of 1918 the number of larvae often exceeded the 

 number of eggs. Consequently tests were made, which are here 

 described. As a result of these it is considered that in October and 

 November or even later this fly may increase by paedogenesis but 

 not by polyembryony. 



Smit (H. J.). Parasitologische Studien in Niederlandisch-Indien. 

 11. Gastrophiluslarven in Niederlandisch-Indien. [Parasitological 

 Studies in the Dutch East Indies. 1 1 . The Larvae of Gastrophilns.] 

 — Deutsche Tierdrztl. Wochenschr., Hanover, xxx, no. 41, 14th 

 October 1922, pp. 546-547. 



This is one of a series of studies and deals with larvae of Gastrophihis 

 from the stomach and pharynx of a horse imported from China. 

 Flies of this genus are practically unknown in the Dutch East Indies, 

 and though natural conditions do not seem to be unfavourable, there 

 appears to be little danger of a serious increase as a result of importation. 

 Some years ago goats infested with Oestrus were imported from Bengal, 

 but no reports have been received of any infestation in native goats. 

 Similarly Hypoderma bovis has occurred in cattle imported from Holland 

 but there is apparently no record of its occurrence in native cattle. 



Hill (G. F.). Notes on the Habits and Distribution of some North 

 AustraUan Culieidae. — Australia Dept. Health, Melbourne, Serv. 

 Pubn. 21, 1922, 40 pp., 11 plates. 



Notes are given on 34 species of mosquitos occurring in North 

 Australia. The most widely distributed is undoubtedly Anopheles 

 annulipes, Wlk. One of its favourite breeding-places is a series of small 

 puddles and hoof-holes in the vicinity of large fresh-water swamps. 

 ■ The large swamps are frequently inhabited by numbers of Notonectid 

 bugs, which are never found in the small puddles, and it is probably 

 their presence that accounts for the absence of A. anmdipes. Small 

 stagnant pools or collections of brackish water almost invariably 

 harbour this species. The adults are present throughout the year 

 and are often found in houses, the males generally predominating, 

 especially in the cool season (June and July). Both sexes are usually 

 prevalent during this season, when the swamps are drying off and the 

 more permanent waters are at their lowest level ; but an interval 

 of drought between the summer rains will result in an unusually 

 heavy midsummer abundance. The comparative scarcity during 

 normal wet seasons is probably due to the larvae being unable to survive 

 in rapid streams or in the pools flooded by the rising of the swamp 

 waters. Apparently a period of desiccation is fatal to the developing 

 embryo in the eggs, and the reappearance of the mosquitos in a locality 

 where there is no surface water for many months at a time remains 

 unexplained. Much variation exists in the colour and the characters 



