60 NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM 



(3) Larval cells each surrounded by a tube of cellular tissue differentiated from the general sub- 

 stance of the galls; tubes may project from the surface in the matured gall 

 (a) Tubes never project. 

 Globose or elongate twig and branch gall, length 1.2 to 5 cm, the wood hard, 

 curled, the bark smooth and within concealed, rounded, subcompressed tubes, 

 onQ. agrifolia, Q. chrysolepis. Bass. '81, p. 54 



Cynipid. Callirhyti.s suttoni Bass. 



(6) Tubes project like horns or spines 



Globose twig gall, irregular, woody, variable in size, with many hornlike pro- 

 jections, occurs on Q. palustris, Q. ilicifolia, Q. digitata and 

 Q. nigra. PI. i, fig. 9. Osten Sacken '62, p. 251 



Cynipid. Horned oak gall, Andricus cornigerus O. S. 

 Clustered, fifty to one hundred, quadrate or hexagonal tubes somewhat resembling 

 a honeycomb and arising from trunks of young red and scarlet oak, Q. rubra 

 and Q. coccinea Beutm. 'iic, p. 197 



Cynipid. Honey-comb twig gall, Dryocosmus favus Beutm. 



Fig. 58. White cak club gall. Andricus 

 c 1 a V u 1 u s O. S. (Original) 



Abrupt, irregular, woody, tuberlike twig gall, at first smooth, later rough, with 

 deep fissures and spiny, succulent tubes, diameter 12 to 30 mm, on Q. v i r- 

 g i n i a n a. Ashm. '81, p. XXVI 



Cynipid. Andricus clavigerus Ashm. 



/ Polythalamous, woody swellings at base of twig, eccentric on twig (grade to last group) 

 A hard, knotty swelling at the base of small twigs and branches, length 9 to 

 18 mm, diameter 8 to 10 mm, on Q. a q u a t i c a. Ashm. '87, p. 144 



Cynipid. Callirhytis aquaticae Ashm. 

 Globular, irregular, somewhat elongate, single or clustered, polythalamous 

 oak twig galls; individual galls, diameter 4 to 15 mm, the nutlike masses with 

 a diameter of 40 mm, on Q. nana. Beutm. '07, p. 463 



Cynipid. Andricus davisi Beutm. 

 Subreniform, irregular, polythalamous, unilateral twig gall, smooth, shining, 

 yellowish or yellowish brown, length 3 cm, diameter 2 cm. Cal. Trotter 

 '11, p. Ill 



Cynipid. ? Disholcaspis sp. 



