237 



and two adult workers being present, and about half a dozen eggs 

 (No. 85). 



Pricer ('08) has given an interesting account of the life history 

 and habits of this ant in Illinois. He states (p. 197) that the food 

 is largely the honeydew of plant-lice, but is supplemented by plant 

 juices and dead insects. He found a small staphylinid beetle, Xeno- 

 dusa cava, abundant in the nests. 



I have found pemisylvanicas abundant at Bloomington, 111., and 

 represented as follows : by a male June 29 ; by a winged female in 

 June; and by dealated females June 29 and July 2 and 25. 



McCook ('83) has given an interesting account of the found- 

 ing of colonies of this ant. See also Wheeler, '06b, pp. 38-39, Plate 

 VIII, and 'iob, pp. 335-338, for further information concerning it. 



Camponotus hcrculcamis Linn., subsp. pcnnsyh'anicus DeG., var. 

 ferruginous Fabr. 



This variety was taken a short distance to the northeast of the 

 Bates woods (Sta. IV) Aug. 20 (No. 97). Here the large ground- 

 beetle Calosoma scrutator was found running on the ground with 

 what appeared to be a bunch of greenish moss; a large reddish ant 

 also struggled for possession of the prize. Upon closer examination 

 it was found that the skin of some large lepidopterous larva was 

 the object desired. This skin, recently shed or moistened by a recent 

 rain, was a prize for both ferruginous and Calosoma. 



A dead wingless ferruginous, covered with a fungus growth, was 

 found in a small cell excavated in the rotten wood of a decaying log 

 on the ravine slope (Sta. IV, b) Aug. 17 (No. 90). Apparently this 

 female had died before her colony developed. (See Pricer, '08; 

 Wheeler '10b, pp. 338"339-) 



I have found this form abundant at Bloomington, 111. Winged 

 females were taken July 26, dealated ones on July 25 and 26, and 

 males June 29, and July 9 and 25. On July 21, 1892, several males 

 were taken at night, being attracted to a lamp located near a small 

 brook. 



A very large colony, numbering thousands of individuals, was 

 found May 26, under a well-decayed log, in a forest at White Heath, 

 111. It contained winged males, females, and workers. The winged 

 forms were present in vast numbers. The far-advanced condition of 

 decay of the log was in marked contrast with that in which the initial 

 colonies are usually found. During the years of development of 

 such a large colony the progress of decay will naturally make some 

 changes in the habitat; reciprocally the ants will doubtless tend to 

 monopolize the logs to the exclusion of some other animals, and 



