Bacot (A. W.). The Influence of Temperature, Submersion and Burial 

 on the Survival of Eggs and Larvae of Cimex lectularius. — Bull. 

 Entom. Research, London, v, pt. 2, September 1914, pp. 111-117, 

 1 table. 



In the author's experiments, the eggs of C. lectularius survived 

 exposure to temperatures between 40° and 50° F. for 31 days and 

 between 28° and 32° F. for 48 hours ; if exposed to the latter 

 temperature for 5-8 days, only 25 per cent, of the eggs hatch, and 

 longer exposures, 10-15 days, are fatal. Temperatures from 60-98° 

 F. are favourable, but 113° F. prevents hatching. Submergence 

 in water at between 60° and 63° F. for five days has no effect on 

 hatching, if the eggs are subsequently kept under favourable 

 conditions ; they survived for at least three days in water at between 

 45° and 50° F., and for 48 hours, when the water in which they were 

 submerged was frozen. Submergence in lime-water (saturated 

 solution) for 46 hours was fatal, but the eggs survived partial embedding 

 in a wet plaster surface, provided that emergence was not interfered 

 with. 



Newly-hatched bugs, when unfed, can survive a temperature of 

 28°-32° F. for periods up to 18 days, and can withstand chilling, 

 thawing, and rechilling and again thawing for shorter periods ; when 

 subjected to cold, moist air after a full meal they are liable to a heavy 

 or even total mortality, probably in consequence of humidity rather 

 than cold. Between 60°-65° F. they may live for 136 days unfed, 

 and after a meal for nine months ; unfed, at 75° F., with humidity 

 between -65 and '7, their average life is 10 days, though individuals 

 survived 21 days. At 88° F., with humidity between •! and '8, the 

 average life is seven days, the longest survival being 11 days ; at 

 96° F., with humidity at -25, the average life is five days, the longest 

 survival eight days ; exposure to 113° F. is fatal within a few minutes. 

 This temperature is also fatal to Xenopsylla cheopis in a few minutes, 

 while 117° F. proved fatal within 15 or 20 minutes to two larvae of 

 a cockroach, Periplaneta americana, and to a hibernated specimen of 

 a blue-bottle fly, Calliphora erythrocephala. 



HmsT (S.). Preliminary List of the Acarl occurring on the Brown 

 Rat {Mus norvegicus) in Great Britain, with the Description of a 

 New Species {Haemogamasus oudemansi). — Bidl. Entom. Research, 

 London, v, pt. 2, September 1914, pp. 119-124, 3 plates, 3 figs. 



This list includes: Laelaps echidninus, blood smears from which, when 

 bred on apparently healthy rats, sometimes contain a bacillus closely 

 resembling that of plague, Eulaelaps stabularis, Koch, Hypoasis 

 hypudaei, Oudms., Haemogamasus hirsutus, Berl., H. nidi, Mich., 

 Engamasus loricatus, Wankel, Euryparasitus terrihilis Mich., Asca 

 affinis, Oudms., Ixodes tenuirostris, Neum, Notoedres muris, Megn., and 

 Myobia ensifera, Poppe, very abundant on tame white rats in London. 

 Of these, L. echidninus, N. muris, and M. ensifera are restricted to 

 M. norvegicus, and H. oudemansi, Hirst, sp. n., has also only been 

 found on this host, but the others are frequently found on other 

 mammals or in their nests, especially in those of the mole. 



