18 



space above the door. The experiment started at 8.40 a.m. ; ten 

 minutes later vapours began to pass into the room ; by 9.40 the test 

 mosquitos in a cage near the window were dead ; by 11.40 no more 

 vapours were seen to leave the retorts, and the burners being put out, 

 the door was opened ; it was quite possible to remain within the room 

 in spite of the very disagreeable smell ; the mosquitos in a cage on 

 the floor and in another one near the ceiling were dead. When the 

 windows were opened the odour decreased steadily, and it would have 

 been quite possible to sleep in the room that night, especially with 

 the windows open as is usual in the tropics. The quantities of cresyl 

 recommended by Bouet and Eoubaud were therefore quite sufficient, 

 even when evaporation took place in retorts instead of in open 

 containers, and even when doors and windows were opened immediately 

 instead of being kept shut for several hours. A satisfactory method 

 of evaporating the cresyl in a metal retort was finally obtained by 

 almost continually working the pump in a very powerful petroleum 

 l)urner. In using this apparatus, which is figured, white vapours 

 ■were produced which filled the room. Though some modifications of 

 a practical nature are necessary, this method should be suitable not 

 «nly for large buildings, but also for ships. 



GonGAS (Surg. Gen. W.C.). Report on Malaria and Blackwater Fever 



in Southern Rhodesia. — Southern Med. Jl., Mobile, Ala., vii, no. 9, 



1st September 1914, pp. 687-693, 1 plate. 



In this report to the Administrator of Southern Rhodesia on malaria 



and blackwater fever, it is stated that it is quite possible to dwell in 



good health on the edge of a swamp or bank of a tropical stream, so 



long as it is recognised that very much greater care is necessary than if 



high ground away from the water is selected for the site of a house. 



The author is inclined to think that blackwater fever is a phase of 



malaria and that the settler may be protected against both diseases 



by the taking daily of prophylactic doses of quinine both by himself 



and his natives, combined with the careful mosquito-proofing of his 



dwelhng house and the clearing and draining of the ground within two 



hundred yards of it. 



Beal (W. p. B.). Report Vet. Dept. Government of the Gold Coast for 



1913, Accra, 21st September 1914, pp. 15-16. [Received 

 4th February 1915.] 

 Blood-smears from cattle killed at Kumasi, show Piroplasma 

 higeminum and also evidence of a mixed piroplasmosis. Trypanoso- 

 miasis is again responsible for the highest mortality among horses. 

 Treatment has been practically the same as before [see this Review, 

 ;Ser. B, i, p. 19 ; ii, p. 48]. The atoxyl injections are repeated on 

 the sixth and seventh day after the first two injections, and not at the 

 eighth or tenth day, because there is a critical period encountered 

 every fifth to eighth day which is shown by a rise in temperature. 

 In some horses it is every fifth day, in others the sixth, seventh or 

 eighth, due either to individual idiosyncrasies, or to the strain of 

 trypanosome concerned. A period of five days is therefore advisable 

 before the next injections. The horses which are discharged as cured, 

 may harbour trypanosomes in their blood stream. 



