32 



Sarcophila meigeni, Portsch. These are probably all synonyms of 

 W. magnifica. Chrysomyia macellaria, in Central America and 

 South America, is quite as harmful as S. carnaria, causing perforation 

 of the tympanum and meningitis. Lucilia nobilis and L. caesar have 

 also been incriminated. Calliphora vomitoria may cause death. Of 

 the sub-family Anthomyinae, the larvae of Fannia {Anthomyia) 

 scalaris, Meig., F. canicularis, Meig., F. incisurata, Zett., and 

 Hydrotaea meteorica, L., are cliiefly associated with myiasis. 



If the larvae are outside the tympanum they may be detached by 

 an injection of chloroform vapour, by a few drops of water saturated 

 with chloroform, by an emulsion of 5 per cent, carbon bisulphide or 

 with benzine. The chloroform and the carbon bisulphide act im- 

 mediately, benzine may take up to half an hour. When detached 

 they may be removed either with forceps or with a solution of boric 

 acid. If the tympanum has been perforated and the larvae are either 

 in the middle or internal ear, they mast be removed without delay. 



Franca viGLiA (M. C). Larva de Oestrus ovis, L., per la prima volta 

 rinvenuta nell' orecchio umano. [The larva of Oestrus ovis, L., 

 found for the first time in the human ear.] — Bull. Sedute Accad. 

 Gioenia, Catania, no. 31, May 1914, pp. 23-27. 



The author reports what is believed to be the only authentic case of 

 auricular myiasis in man caused by the larva of Oestrus ovis, L. 



Byrd (H.). Mosquitoes : Rdle of Certain Species in Prevention of 

 Malaria. — New Orleans Med. & Surg. Jl., New Orleans, Ixvii, no. 1, 

 July 1914, pp. 14-17. 



The fact that the East Coast of Florida suffers more from mosquitos, 

 and at the same time less from malaria than the interior parts of the 

 State requires explanation. During the last ten years, the author 

 has collected about thirty species of mosquitos in the State, the maxi- 

 mum at any one place being about eleven. Those species which 

 transmit disease, are found all over the State, while the remainder, 

 twenty or more in number, are confined to restricted areas. These 

 latter include the salt-marsh breeders, Ctdex taeniorhyncus and C. 

 sollicitans, which surpass all others in abundance and blood-thirstiness 

 and are very numerous on the East Coast of Florida. This compels 

 the inhabitants to screen their houses and otherwise protect themselves, 

 and in this way they are protected against Anopheles as well. Malaria 

 is quite prevalent in areas beyond the range of the salt-marsh breeders. 

 Other things being equal, the prevalence of malaria in a given locality 

 bears an inverse ratio to the abundance of salt-marsh mosquitos. 

 This proposition has two important corollaries : (a) That in Florida 

 at least, where nearly all cases of typhoid fever are the result of fly 

 carriage, this disease is reduced in a marked degree by the pre- 

 valence of salt-marsh mosquitos — for protection against mosquitos 

 gives partial protection against flies ; (6) where other species of 

 mosquitos, which do not transmit malaria, prevail in such a manner 

 as to compel efficient protective measures, the prevalence of malaria 

 and of typhoid fever are accordingly reduced. In Lake County, 

 Culex perturbans is at times a veritable pest and the district is so free 

 from malaria that a widespread belief that malaria is not present 

 where there are pines, has been produced. 



