to 1 per cent, carbolic acid, whicli should never be used for cats. A good 

 plan for ridding a cat of fleas is to cut a square of cotton wool large 

 enough to envelop the animal, place this on a piece of calico with the cat 

 in the centre, then spray the fur rapidly with camphorated alcohol and 

 wrap the animal's body in the cotton wool, tying the corners of the 

 square of calico round its neck. Many of the fleas seek refuge in the head 

 and may be combed out, but large numbers will be found entangled 

 in the cotton wool, which may be burned. Chiggers, DermatopJiilus 

 jpenetrans, attack sheep, goats, dogs, and especially pigs. A related 

 species, Echidnophaga larina, occurring at the Cape, in Abyssinia and 

 in Somahland, attacks wild mammals and also dogs. Chiggers usually 

 infest the feet of dogs, but frequently also the ears. Affections of the 

 skin are caused by various lice, Haematopinus pilifer, Trichodectes 

 lotus and T. suhrostratus. Haematopinus especially frequents long- 

 haired sporting dogs ; Trichodectes, smaller house dogs and toy dogs 

 with long hair. TricJiodectes latus is possibly the intermediate host 

 of a Taenia. Among dipterous parasites, the larvae of Wohlfartia 

 {Sarcophaga) magnifica, Schiner, are frequently found in the ears of 

 dogs, according to Portchinsky. Cordylobia anthropophaga attacks 

 dogs in Africa and cases are quoted in which five or six larvae per 

 diem were taken from one dog for several weeks together. A larva 

 of Cuterehra emasculator. Fitch, has been taken from a dog at Montreal 

 and another case is reported in a cat. The larva of Dermatobia cyani- 

 ventris is said by Coquerel and Salle to be very common in dogs in 

 Brazil. The eggs are laid on leaves in damp places frequented by 

 Janthinosoma lutzi, Theo., and becoming attached to the mosquito, 

 the larvae are thus carried to the animal host [see this Review, Ser. B, i, 

 p. 106]. 



OrnitJiodoros moubata, Murray, is the only Argasid which attacks 

 dogs, but the numerous Ixodid ticks which have been found to infest 

 them include : — Ixodes ricinus, L., I. hexagonus, Leach, I. pilosus in 

 N. Africa ; I. pilosus howardi, Nm., in Natal and the Transvaal ; 

 /. ovatus, Nm., in Japan ; I. Jiolocyclus, Nm., in Queensland ; 7. scapu- 

 laris. Say, in Florida and Texas ; I. rasus, Nm., in the Congo ; Haema- 

 physalis Jlava, Nm., in Japan and China ; H. concinna kocJii, Nm., and 

 H. neumanni, Donitz, in Japan ; H. leachi, Aud., in Africa ; Derma- 

 centor reticulatus, F., and D. variabilis, Say, in North America. Rhipi- 

 cephalus sanguineus specially affects the dog and is the intermediate 

 host of Haemogregarina canis. The following ticks have also been 

 found on dogs in various parts of the world : Rhipicephalus bursa, Can., 

 R. smws, Koch ; R. punctatissimus, Gerst., R. capensis, Koch, R. 

 evertsi, Nm., R. appendicidatus, Nm., R. pulchellus, Gerst., R. tricuspis, 

 Don., R. texanus, Banks, Margaropus annulatus, Say, Hyalomma 

 aegyptium, L., Amblyomma cajennense, F., A. calcaratum, Nm., 

 A. striatum, Koch, A. fossum, Nm., A. americanum, L., A. macula- 

 tum, Koch, A. hebraeum, Koch, Aponomma exornatum, Koch, A. 

 inornatum, Banks. Ticks are best removed from dogs by touching 

 with a drop of benzol, petrol or turpentine. Cats are rarely attacked 

 by ticks. 



Among the Acarids causing disease in dogs and cats, Tydeus 

 molestus , Moniez , has been found in Belgium and is believed to 

 have entered the country in guano from Peru imported to an 

 isolated farm on the grass land of which it increased with extraordinary 



