compiilsorily kept within fences. All proprietary dips for cattle ticks 

 should be prohibited, and only the Government dip allowed, unless 

 the ingredients of those dips be fully described to the Analyst of the 

 Department of Agriculture. 



WooDWAKD (T. E.) & Turner (W. ¥.). The effect of the cattle tick 

 upon the milk production of dairy cows. — U.S. Dept. Agric. 

 Washington, B.C., Bull. no. 147, 16th January 1915, 22 pp., 

 4 figs., 2 charts. 



Experiments were conducted to ascertain the effect of Margaropus 

 anrmlatiis (the common cattle tick) on the milk production and body 

 weights of dairy cows [see this Review, Ser. B, iii, p. 58]. The tick 

 has a decidedly injurious effect upon supposedly immune dairy cattle. 

 When sufficient food is given, the milk production suffers more than 

 the body weight. Tick-free and tick-infested groups gave practically 

 the same amounts of milk at the beginning of the tests ; at the close, 

 the infested gave only 65'8 per cent., as against 100 per cent, from 

 the tick-free. The latter gained 6" 1 per cent, in body weight, while the 

 former only gained 3' 6 per cent. Spraying or dipping tick-free animals 

 causes a marked, though temporary, decrease in milk flow. In this 

 experiment, there was an average reduction of 6' 1 per cent, from the 

 normal flow for a period of five days following each of the four 

 applications of the arsenical solution. The resistance of cattle to 

 infestation by the tick is variable. Of the 10 animals in the infested 

 group, 4 became heavily mfested, 2 more so than the average, and the 

 remaining 4 but lightly. The death of one of the best cows in the 

 infested group emphasises the extreme hazard of continuous infesta- 

 tion ; this animal represented at least 10 per cent, of the capital 

 invested in the infested group. 



KucKER (W. C). Bubonic Plague : A Menace to American Seaports. 



— Public Health Repts., Washington, D.C., xxx, no. 16, pp. 1140- 

 1146, 1 chart. 



Plague is essentially a ship-borne disease, but the fumigation of 

 ships is a costly measure, and if omitted on a single occasion, the 

 introduction of infected rodents may result. The only sure protection 

 lies in adequate rat proofing, which should begin at the water front 

 if it is to be effective. This is an economic as well as a public health 

 measure, as every case of human plague in a commimity costs at least 

 £1,500 and every case of rodent plague at least £1,000. The enormous 

 losses due to quarantine and diversion of commerce cannot be estimated. 



Reports to the Local Government Board on Public Health and Medical 

 Subjects, N.S., no. 102, London, 1914, 32 pp. Price 6d. 



The above contains the following " Further Reports on FHes as 

 Carriers of Infection " : — 



MoNCKTON CoPEMAN (S.) & AusTEN (E. E.). i. Do Houso-Flies 

 Hibernate ? pp. 6-26. 



Investigations in the spring of 1913 lent no support to the commonly 

 received opinion that house-flies hibernate as adults. Dr. H. Skinner 

 [see this Revieiv, Ser. B, i, p. 146] definitely rejected the idea as the 



