101 



well-to-do natives are but sliglitly infested by these animals and there 

 were only a few cases of the disease there. Infection in the pneumonic 

 cases was probably caused by the inhalation of bacilli from clothing 

 soiled by the excretions of infected rats, or by infection of the mucous 

 membrane by infected Diptera. 



Vassal (J. J.). Une Epid6mie de Fievre R6currente au Tonkin. [An 

 Epidemic of Recurrent Fever in Tonkin.] — Far East. Assoc. Trop. 

 Med., C. R. Trois. Congres Biennal {1913), Saigon, 1914, 

 pp. 296-308. 



In 1912, the author observed an epidemic of recurrent fever in the 

 province of Kien-An, Tonkin. In the 15 villages affected, there were 

 703 cases, of which 339 were fatal, being a mortality of 48 per cent. 

 Transmission is evidently effected by body-lice, for the disease is 

 prevalent from January or February up to June, that is, during the 

 cold season when lice are abundant and the natives crowd together 

 indoors. Recurrent fever was not recognised for a long time in Tonkin 

 and was mistaken for malaria, cholera, plague, typhoid, etc. Hypo- 

 dermic injections of atoxyl were employed in 157 cases and favourably 

 influenced the course of the disease. Intravenous injections of salvarsan 

 were administered in 195 cases and in all cases remarkable results were 

 obtained, the patients recovering after a violent reaction. For 

 children the average dose was O'l gramme, 0-25 gramme being used 

 for adults. Salvarsan prevents the spread of epidemics by steriUsing 

 the carriers of infection. A bibliography of twenty-six works is given. 



ScHUFFNER ( — ). Pseudo-Typhus in Deli (Variante der Japanischen 

 Kedani Krankheit). [A variant of the Japanese Kedani sickness.] 

 — Far East. Assoc. Trop. Med., C. R. Trois. Congres Biennal {1913), 

 Saigon, 1914, pp. 309-315, 4 plates. 



Since 1902, the author has observed a peculiar fever in Deli (Sumatra) 

 somewhat resembling typhoid, but giving a negative result to serum 

 diagnosis, it being also impossible to find specific bacilli. A similar 

 disease is known in Japan (Kedani fever) and the Philippines. In 

 Japan, a small red mite is said to be the carrier, while in Sumatra either 

 a mite or a tick is concerned. In Japan the mortality is 30 per cent., 

 while in Sumatra the figure is only 3 per cent. Four plates are given 

 showing the appearance of the primary lesion and of the larval form of 

 the probable carriers, Cheyletidae and Trombidiutn. 



Stanton (A. T.). Anopheles and Malaria in the Eastern Region. — 



— Far East. Assoc. Trop. Med., C. R. Trois. Congres Biennal {1913), 

 Saigon, 1914, pp. 514-519. 



This paper is an endeavour to survey the Anophelines which transmit 

 human malaria in the Oriental region. In the following lists the author 

 gives (1) the names of those Malayan species which are now regarded 

 as vahd [see this Revieiv, Ser. B, i, p. 6], (2) the specific names 

 occurring in the literature which are regarded as synonyms, (3) the 

 names of those valid species which are believed to have been 



