107 



vessels, the colour becomes a fine emerald green, this however has no 

 effect on its qualities. The peculiar, faint smell of birch tar is 

 increased when the liquid is dissolved in kerosene (before use) ; it 

 is not in any way disagreeable. When sprayed, the hquid at first 

 causes a sense of oppression, but this passes away after a very short 

 time, giving place to an agreeable freshness. This is specially 

 noticeable in barracks. 



Gabbi (U.). Sul modo come avvenne la comparsa e la diffusione della 

 "febbre dei tre giorni" nella Sicilia Orientale e nella Calabria 

 Inferiore. [The advent and spread of Three Day Fever in Eastern 

 Sicily and Lower Calabria.] — Malaria e Malat. dei Paesi Caldi, 

 Rome, vi, no. 1, January-February 1915, pp. 21-26. 



Sandfly fever, known in Europe, in Istria, Herzegovina and 

 Dalmatia, appeared in Messina in 1909, being looked upon as a form 

 of summer influenza. The author is positive that it never occurred 

 there before and states that the data furnished by the 52 doctors who 

 survived the earthquake [of December 1908] confirms this. The 

 disease has always been associated with Phlebotomus, which can be 

 carried alive for long distances, as from Malta to London and from 

 Mostar to Vienna. The coasting vessels undoubtedly carry the flies 

 from place to place and epidemics occur where conditions are favourable 

 for their breeding. Such conditions were provided by the ruined 

 structures left by the recent earthquakes. From 6,000 in 1910, the 

 number of cases has diminished to a few hundreds in 1914, and during 

 this period the ruins have been greatly reduced. If epidemics are to 

 be prevented, it is necessary to provide for clearing away ruins, the 

 construction of well built houses, the provision of proper sanitary 

 requirements, and measures to prevent the importation of flies from 

 endemic areas to such as are at present free from infection. Though 

 the period of the fever is short, it incapacitates the patients for weeks, 

 and the loss thus caused to industry w^ould be from 1 to 1| million 

 pounds in the earthquake area, wnth a probable 50,000 persons attacked. 



Ellacombe (G. W.). Report on Examination of the Ndola District 

 (Northern Rhodesia) for Sleeping Sickness.— MS. report to the 

 British South Africa Company. 



The author visited Ndola in September 1914 to endeavour to ascer- 

 tain the locality in which a European had been infected with trypano- 

 somiasis two years previously, and to enquire into various deaths. 

 Only three cases of sleeping sickness were discovered among 1,805 

 people palpated. Fly {Glossina morsitans) was scarce, but general. 



Leach (H.). Report on Examination of Kaliumbi's and neighbouring 

 villages (Northern Rhodesia) for Sleeping Sickness.— MS. report to 

 the British South Africa Company. 



The author visited the village of Kakumbi (Fort Jameson Division) 

 in November 1914 and found two persons infected wath sleeping sick- 

 ness among the 123 inhabitants. Six persons were said to have lately 

 died from the disease, known to the natives as " Mallah." Other 



