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the seventh year. Of the 36 soldiers attacked in Terraez, 29 (80- 5 

 per cent.) fell ill during the first year, 3 (8-3 per cent.) during the second 

 and third years and 1 (28 per cent.) during the fifth year. Of 48 

 patients observed in January, 1 (2 per cent.) fell ill in June, 7 (14-5 

 per cent.) in July and 40 (83-3 per cent.) in August. Of 28 officers, 

 10 per cent, contracted the disease in June, 45 per cent, in July, and 

 45 per cent, in August. 



No results were obtained from the investigation of mosquitos which 

 might be regarded as carriers of the disease, nor did the examination 

 of bugs taken from the beds of both healthy men and those affected 

 with the disease, give any positive results. 



Sleeping Sickness in the island of Principe. — Despatch from Consul- 

 General Hall-Hall to Sir Edward Grey, dated 19th April 1915. 

 [Received at the Colonial Office 1st July 1915.] 

 No fresh cases of sleeping sickness have been reported since 27th 

 August 1914 [see this Review, Ser. B, ii, p. 206], and a reward of 5 escudos 

 (about 17s.) each has failed to produce a single tsetse-fly since 11th 

 April 1914. The total deaths from the disease during the year 1914 

 were 59, and it is stated that 8 old cases still remain on the island. 

 A gang of 75 men is still employed in clearing land belonging to native 

 proprietors and the Consul-General says : " It now remains to be seen 

 whether the draining and cleaning of the previous haunts of the fly 

 will be maintained. Should those localities be allowed to lapse into 

 their former state, the survival of a few Glossma and some carelessness 

 regarding the entry of infected persons, would be sufficient to cause 

 a recrudescence of the trouble. About two years ago, the problem of 

 ridding the island of the disease appeared to be so difficult, that, as 

 you doubtless recollect, one critic suggested that the island should be 

 abandoned, and the energies of the planters be directed to Portuguese 

 Guinea." 



Hewitt (C. G.). Notes on the Pupation of the House-Fly (Musca 

 dmnestica) and its Mode of Overwintering. — Canadian Entomo- 

 logist, London, Ont., xlvii, no. 3, March 1915, pp. 73-78. 

 Following the experiments carried out by the author in 1914 on 

 the control of the larva by insecticides, it was decided to examine the 

 soil around and beneath an untreated heap of horse manure, with a 

 view to ascertaining the distance and depth travelled by the larvae 

 before pupation. A few puparia were found directly beneath the heap 

 to a depth of 12 inches. The greatest numbers occurred in the region 

 about 18 inches from the heap at a depth of from 12-24 inches ; some 

 puparia were found immediately below the surface. The numbers 

 decreased in proportion to the distance from the heap, disappearing 

 entirely about 4 feet away. In northerly latitudes, M. domestica 

 exists in the overwintering period in the following states :■ — 1. Dormant. 

 • — In cool retreats where there is shelter ; here flies may truly hibernate. 

 2. Periodically active.- — In premises where an increased temperature 

 produces activity in the fly which would be otherwise inactive and 

 dormant. 3. Permanently active.- — The gradation between this and 

 the former state would be governed by temperature and presence of 

 food. 4. In the immature stages.- — Observations indicate the possibihty 

 of such an occurrence in the presence of suitable conditions. 



