144 



sore by PUehotomus minutus [see this Review, Ser. B, ii, p. 199]. They 

 consider that the gecko acts as a reservoir of the oriental sore virus 

 and that P. minutus africanus, common at Biskra, carries and inocu- 

 lates Leishmania Lrojnca. Howlett has reported that the Indian 

 P. minutus constantly feeds on Hzards, especially geckos ; and 

 Eoubaud confirms this fact with regard to P. minutus africanus. 

 Chatton and Blanc found leishmaniform bodies in the blood of eight 

 geckos near Tunis. Lindsay reports that forest workers in Paraguay 

 hold that buba (skin and mucous leishmaniasis) is caused by the bite 

 of IxoDiDAE or SiMULiiDAE which have been feeding on the rattle 

 snake. 



Laveran (A.) & Franchini (G.). Au sujet d'un Herpetomonas de 



Ctenopsylla musculi et de sa culture. [On the Herpetomonas of 



Ctenopsylla musculi and its cultivation.] — Bull. Soc. Path. Exot., 



Paris, viii, no. 5, 12th May 1915, pp. 266-270. 



Wenyon showed that pure cultivations of the Herpetomonas of 



Pidex initans could be obtained and has successfully repeated the 



process with Ctenocephalus canis. The authors made use of Cteno- 



psylla musculi, which differs essentially from Ceratophyllus fasciatus, 



and the Herpetomonas found in its digestive tube also diilers from 



H. pattoni and possesses such distinctive characters as to justify the 



erection of a new species. Details of the methods adopted are given 



and Herpetomonas ctenopsyllae is described. 



KoDHAiN (J.). Note sur la ponte des Oestrides des genres Gyrostigma 

 et Cobboldia. [Note on oviposition by Oestrids of the genera 

 Gyrostigma and Cobboldia.]~BuU. Soc. Path. Exot., Pans, viii, 

 no. 5, 12th May 1915, pp. 275-279. 

 Sjostedt in 1910 recognised that the Oestrid fly to which Corti had 

 given the name of Spathicera was the adult stage of the large larvae 

 found in the stomach of the rhinoceros and previously named 

 Gyrostigma by Brauer. The author has bred a number of flies from 

 Gyrostigma larvae taken from Rhinoceros simus cottoni, Lyd., on the 

 Welle R. in the north-east of the Belgian Congo, to which district 

 this species of rhinoceros is more or less confined. The Oestrids, 

 bred from pupae, oviposited and it was possible to recognise a number 

 of eggs, collected from the skin of the rhinoceros by the sender, as those 

 of this fly. These were found about the head, at the level of the ears 

 and on the neck and shoulder, and were attached vertically in the 

 creases of the skin in those parts. They were strongly attached and 

 more difficult to remove than the ticks usually found on the rhinoceros. 

 The pupal stage of the three flies bred lasted 36, 37 and 38 days. One 

 female lived about 36 hours and laid 750 eggs on the walls of the cage. 

 The eggs are described and somewhat resemble those of Gastrophilus 

 equi. From their position on the animal, it seems probable that they 

 reach their destination by being licked of! by a companion, though it 

 is possible that the larvae may find their way into their original host 

 by crawling about. Larvae of the two species of Cobboldia inhabiting 

 the African elephant are described. Some examples of one species 

 were reared and the adult insects obtained. Fertilised eggs were 

 always laid on a smooth surface, which led to an examination of the 



