204 



vonPROWAZEK (S.). Bemerkungen uber due Blologie und Bekampfung 

 der Kleiderlaus. [Notes on the biology and control of body 

 lice.] — Milnch. Med. WocJienschr., 1915, p. 07. 



The control of exanthematous typhus involves the destruction of 

 body lice. The adult lice must have a meal of blood twice in 24 hours. 

 The females lay from 70 to 80 eggs on the stitches and hems of 

 underclothing, which hatch in 3 or 4 dayp ; the lice are sexually 

 mature in from 15 to 18 days. It is easier to destroy the adults than 

 the eggs. Xylol, oil of cloves and tobacco decoction, iodoform vapour 

 and asafoetida are recommended ; ether is a radical cure. The eggs 

 are best destroyed by fumigation with sulphur in a proper apparatus ; 

 if this cannot be done, the clothes may be shut up in an air-tight 

 benzine cask. The ethereal oils, especially oil of anise and oil of fennel, 

 are very effective, and clothing should be rubbed with a 30 per cent, 

 alcoholic solution of the former or a 40 per cent, solution of the latter. 



Weidenfeld (S.) & PuLAY (E.). Einige Bemerkungen zur Pro- 

 phylaxe der Pedikulosis. [Some remarks on the prevention of 

 Pediculosis.] — Wien. Klin. Wochenschr., 1915, p. 153. 



The Carpathian shepherds protect themselves against body lice by 

 smearing their clothing with melted butter. The grease prevents the 

 lice from laying their eggs on the threads and fibres, and it is probable 

 that, the butter becoming rancid, the fatty acids are harmful to the 

 lice. Impregnating underclothing with a mixture of paraffin and oil 

 of anise (100 parts liquid paraffin, 50 parts solid paraffin and 5 parts 

 of oil of anise) is suggested. 



ZuPNiK (L.). Ueber Zuchtungsversuche von Lausen aus Nissen. [Expe- 

 riments on rearing lice from nits.] — Wien. Klin. WocJienschr., 

 1915, p 564. 

 Lice cannot be bred from the eggs in vitro. The best method is to 

 take material containing eggs and place it on the body covered with a 

 piece of linen, securing it in position with plaster. In five days the 

 young hatch and an abundance of lice for study can be obtained. This 

 method lends itself readily to the trial of various substances for killing 

 lice, the vapours of ammonia, carbon bisulphide and sulphurous 

 anhydride being found practically useful. Experiments on the 

 transmissibility of disease by the second generation can also be easily 

 carried out. 



SwELLENGREBEL (N. H.). UebcF die Zahl der Flohe der Ratten Ost- 

 Javas und die Bedeutung des Parallelismus von Flohe- und Pest- 

 kurven. [On the number of Fleas on East Java Rats and the 

 meaning of the parallel between Flea and Plague curves.] — 

 Zeitschr. f. Hyg. u. InfektionsJcranJch., Bd. 79, 1915, p. 492. 



In East Java traps were set in the villages of the district investigated ; 

 the rats caught were taken alive in linen sacks to the laboratory,^ 

 chloroformed, and their fleas combed out and counted. The house rats 

 {Mus ratlus griseiventer and Mus concolor), the field rat {Mus rattus 



