225 



17th September at an altitude of 2,900 feet above sea-level in a small 

 cavity in Abies pedinota. Larvae and nymphs of C. pipiena, 

 C. nemorosus and Theohaldia annulata abounded in ditches from 20th 

 October to 3rd November ; larvae of Anopheles bijurealii.^ were found 

 at the same time. The larvae of Culex were exceedingly abundant 

 during the winter, those of Anopheles being less numerous. On 1st 

 January 1914, larvae of C. nemorosus were found in woods in pools 

 covered with ice 0-4 inch thick. On 20th April 1913, nymphs of 

 C. nemorosus and C. cantans were numerous in the ditches ; the first 

 nymphs of A. bifurcatus only appeared in May. T. annulata was 

 •observed to bite man from 24'hours to five days after emergence. 



RoDHAiN (M. J.). Sur la biologie de Stasisia rodhaini, Gedoelst (Cordy- 

 lobia rodhaini]. [On the biology of Cordylobia rodhaini, Gedoelst.] 

 — C. F.hebdom. Ae.Sci., Paris, clxi, no. 11, 13th September 1915, 

 pp. 323-325. 

 The larva of Cordylobia (Stasisia) rodhaini causes cutaneous myiasis 

 in the damp forest regions of equatorial Africa. As in the case of 

 C. anthropophaga, man only forms an accidental host of this species, 

 which seems to attack thin-skinned mammals inhabiting the forest 

 regions. In the district of Welle, the hosts are the duiker antelopes, 

 Cephalophus dorsalis and C. grimjni, and a rodent, Cricetomys gambianus, 

 Wat. Dogs and the small cattle of the natives appear to be immune. 

 The eggs are deposited on the ground in places frequented by the host, 

 and after hatching, the young larvae pass on to its skin, w-hich 

 they at once penetrate. An essential condition of infestation appears 

 to be the immobility of the host. Adults have been reared from the 

 larva and were fed on the excreta of dogs or chimpanzees, or liquid 

 vegetable sugar. In captivity, the flies remained motionless during 

 the day, but w^ere extremely active at night. One female kept under 

 observation lived from the 28th September until 28th October, during 

 which time 503 eggs were deposited. The period of incubation of the 

 egg varies from two to four days. The complete development of the 

 larva requires from 12 to 15 days, starting from the time of penetrating 

 the skin of the host. Mature larvae leave the host, pass into the 

 ground to a depth of from 1| to 3 inches, and pupate in from 12 to 48 

 hours. The pupal stage lasts from 23 to 26 days, and a certain amount 

 of moisture is necessary. The total life-cycle occupies from 57 to 67 

 days, 



ZucKER (A.). Zur Bekampfung der Kleiderlause. [Towards combating 

 clothes \\QQ.]-~Centralbl. f. Bali., Parasit. u. Infektionskrank- 

 heiten, Jena, Ixxvi, no. 4, 28th June 1915, pp. 294-303, 18 figs. 



This study of Pediculus humanus {vestimenti) was made at the 

 camp for pri'soners-of-war at Konigsbriick, where 9,000 Russians were 

 interned. At 10° F. the louse becomes rigid with cold, but revives 

 when the temperature rises again. The statement that lice die at 

 94° F. is incorrect, but dry heat, at 104° F., will kill a gorged louse in 

 six hours or a hungry one in two hours, with correspondingly quicker 

 results at higher temperatures. In combating lice with strong smelling 

 substances, the obstruction of the tracheae appears to be most effective. 



