38 THE FLORA OF THE ALPS 



the last, but spur shorter than calyx, sepals fringed ; 

 Southern Tirol. V, calcarata, L. ; flowers large, violet 

 or yellow, fragrant, spur slender, as long as the corolla, 

 leaves ovate-lanceolate, crenate, stipules spathulate, 

 nearly entire ; Jura, Tirol, Carinthia. V. lutea, Huds. ; 

 flowers yellow or variegated with blue, lower leaves 

 cordate-ovate, crenate, upper lanceolate, stipules very 

 deeply divided ; marshy ground, frequent. V. hetero- 

 phylla, Bert. ; resembling the last, but with a longer 

 spur, flowers blue ; dry, calcareous ; Southern Tirol. 

 V. cormcta, L. ; flowers blue, sepals with very long 

 appendages, spur of corolla elongated, leaves ovate, 

 crenate, stipules dentate; Pyrenees. V. nummularis 

 foliuj All.; flowers small, violet, spur short, leaves 

 rounded, entire ; Dauphiny. 



Order X.— POLYGALACEiE. 



Flowers irregular ; 2 inner sepals large, petaloid (wing- 

 sepals) ; stamens 8 ; ovary 2-celled, 2-seeded. A rather 

 large order, chiefly tropical and sub-tropical, represented 

 in Europe by a single genus. 



I. POLYGALA, L. 



Petals combined below with the split sheath composed 

 of the eight filaments ; corolla usually crested ; anthers 

 opening by oblique pores ; stigma spathulate. 



A. Corolla not crested; filaments distinct nearly to 

 the base: — P, ChamcsbuxuSy L. (PL ii); suffruticose, 

 flowers large, corolla usually yellow, wing-sepals 

 purple or white, leaves ovate, coriaceous, evergreen ; 



