192 THE FLORA OF THE ALPS 



in meadows ; elattor, L. {arundinacea, Schreb.), by water; 

 giga?ttea, VilL, in damp woods; ovina^ L. (including 

 duriuscula, L., rubra, L., and valesiaca, Schl.), in hilly 

 woods and sub-alpine pastures ; sylvaticay Vill., in woods. 

 Also the following annual species : — F. Mj/uros, L. ( Vulpia 

 Myuros, Rchb., including «72^/^, Lk.ypseudo-myuros, Koch, 

 and sciuroides, Roth) ; flowering glumes with slender 

 awns, stamens 1-3; sandy places; and F. rigida, Kunth 

 (Sclerochloa rigida, Lk.), a small, very rigid plant ; walls 

 and dry places. 



The following are more or less alpine : — 



A. Stem thickened and bulb -like at the base: — F. 

 spadicea, L. ; spikes brownish-yellow ; high alpine pas- 

 tures in the South. 



B. Leaves more or less folded ; ligule lobed at the 

 base ; caespitose : — F. amethystina, L. ; panicle lax, often 

 blue, leaves filiform; rare; Switzerland, Tirol, Salzburg. 

 F. alpina, Sut. ; stem 3-5 in., flowers often replaced by 

 buds ; high ; Switzerland, Dauphiny. F. Halleri^ Vill. 

 {Gaudini, Kunth); panicle small, denser, often violet; 

 high elevations in the South, also Bale, Jura. 



C. Stem-leaves flat ; ligule lobed at the base ; caespi- 

 tose : — F. heterophylla^ Lam. (including nigrescenSy Lam.); 

 leaves very long, panicle loose, drooping; wood -sides. 

 P. violaceuy Gaud. ; panicle spike-like, dark violet, leaves 

 capillary ; high, frequent. 



D. Leaves setaceous ; ligule not lobed : — F, pilosay 

 Hall.; spikelets bearded, 3-5-flowered; pastures, local. 

 F, Brenneriy F. and H. ; spikelets bearded, 6-8-flowered ; 

 Tirol, rare. F. flavescenSy Bell ; panicle spike-like, nod- 

 ding, spikelets 3-5-flowered, glume not awned; Carinthia, 

 Carniola, Dauphiny. F. pumila, Chaix; panicle race- 



