Pcdipalpi. 87 



tropical Africa, Madagascar, and Australia. The sternum is Table- 

 pentagonal, as in the Pandinidae, but is variable iii form, being ^y^^^^^°^' 

 sometimes much wider than long, sometimes as long as wide. 

 The presence of two pedal spurs upon the feet furnishes the best 

 character for distinguishing the Vejovidae from the Pandinidae. 

 (Genera : Vejovis, Iii7-us, Euscorpius, Brotcas, etc.). 



Fam. 4. — Butliidac. 



The Buthidae, which are universally distributed to the South 

 of about the 45th parallel of North latitude, are distinguished from 

 the Vejovidae by the triangiilar shape of the sternum and by the 

 bifurcation of the anterior pedal spur. (Genera : Butlius, Cen- 

 trums, Isomctrus, etc.) 



Order 2. — Pedipalpi (Whip-scorpions and their allies). 



The cephalothorax (prosoma) in these Arachnida is covered Table-case 

 dorsally by a carapace, which is sometimes segmented posteriorly. °' " • 

 A deep constriction separates this region of the body from the 

 abdomen (opisthosoma), which has eleven somites. The palps are 

 of large size and are chelate or sub-chelate in form. The third 

 appendage (first leg) is longer and more slender than the remain- 

 ing legs, and has the terminal segment (or segments) sub-divided ; 

 it is used as a feeler. There are no poison-glands in these 

 animals. 



These Arachnids are inhal)itants of the warmer parts of the 

 globe. They are found in damp places under stones or fallen 

 leaves, in the crevices of rocks, and in other similar places. 

 Several fossil species have been discovered in the Carboniferous 

 strata. The Pedipalpi are divided into two sub-orders. 



Sub-order I.— UEOPYGI. 



In these Pedipalpi the cephalothorax is longer than wide. The 

 tarsi of the third pair of appendages are divided into eight or nine 

 segments. There are two tribes. 



TmBE—UnOTniCHA. 



Uropygi in which the carapace is unsegmented and bears well- 

 developed eyes. 



On account of their lotig and many-jointed tail and of their 



