78 MADEIRAN COLEOPTERA, 
Fam. 20. THORICTIDA. 
Genus 84. THORICTUS. 
Germar, in Silb. Rev. Ent. ii. 2, 15 (1884). 
207. Thorictus Westwoodii. 
Thorictus Westwoodii, Woll., Ins. Mad. 220. tab. iv. f. 6 (1854). 
Inhabits Madeira and Porto Santo, occurring (beneath stones) at 
low elevations towards the southern coasts. Exceedingly rare. 
Fam. 21, APHODIADZ. 
Genus 85. APHODIUS. 
Iliger, Kafer Preuss. i. 28 (1798). 
208. Aphodius Hydrocharis*. 
Scarabeeus Hydrocheris, Fub., Ent. Syst. Suppl. 23 (1798). 
Aphodius Hydrocheris, Ihg., Mag. fiir Ins. ii. 193 (1803). 
, Heer, Fna Col. Helv, i. 522 (1841). 
—— — , Woll., Ins. Mad, 222 (1854). 
Inhabits Madeira and Porto Santo,—occurring in the dung of 
cattle, principally at rather low elevations. 


209. Aphodius nitidulus*. 
Scarabzeus nitidulus, Fab., Ent. Syst. i. 30 (1792). 
Aphodius nitidulus, Gyll., Ins. Suec. i. 28 (1808). 
, Heer, Fina Col. Helv. i. 523 (1841). 
— ——, Woll., Ins. Mad. 223 (1854). 
Inhabits Madeira and Porto Santo, abounding at all elevations. 


210. Aphodius rufus*. 
Aphodius rufus, Illig., Mag. fiir Ins. 11. 195 (1803). 
, Dufts., Fna Austr. i. 127 (1805). 
—— ——,, Erich., Nat. der Ins. Deutsch, iii, 836 (1848). 
—— ——., Woll., Ins. Mad. 224 (1854). 


Inhabits Madeira proper, principally at low elevations. Locally 
abundant. 
211. Aphodius lividus*. 
Scarabeeus lividus, Oliv., Ent. i. 3. 86 (1789). 
Aphodius Anachoreta, Fab., Syst. Eleu. i. 74 (1801). 
Scarabzeus bilituratus, Mshm, Ent. Brit. i. 15 (1802). 
Aphodius lividus, Woll., Ins. Mad. 225 (1854). 
Inhabits Madeira and Porto Santo, oceurring sparingly at low and 
intermediate altitudes. 
