ONISCID®, 439 
Family—ONISCID A. 
THESE animals are further distinguished by having the 
anterior pair of antenne almost rudimental, so that they 
appear to possess only one pair of these organs. The 
tail is composed of six distinct segments; but the ter- 
minal joint, instead of being of large size, and formed 
into a shield-like plate, is here small, and sometimes 
almost rudimental. The legs are only formed for walking, 
and the mandibles are destitute of the lateral articulated 
appendage resembling a three-jointed palpus. 
The species for the most part are of comparatively 
small size, and are indiscriminately known under the 
common names of wood-lice, hog-lice, carpenters, &c. 
With the exception of the species of Ligia (which com- 
prises the largest individuals of the family, and which are 
found in rocky places on the shores of the ocean in 
various parts of the world), the Oniscide are inland 
creatures. Of fourteen species described by Professor 
Kinahan in his memoir on this family, read at the British 
Association in 1857, and published in the ‘ Dublin 
Natural History Review,” vol. iv., he states that all, 
except two (one a marine species), had been found by 
him in a garden not sixty yards square, and nearly all 
in abundance. 
Several of the species which inhabit caves and sub- 
terranean situations are destitute of eyes. This is the 
case with Titanethes albus, described and admirably illus- 
trated by Schiodte in his memoir on the cave-animals 
—“Specimen Faune Subterranez,’—published in the 
“Transactions of the Royal Society of Denmark,” 5th 
