138 PSEITDOHAZIS HERA. 



» PLATE XV, FIG. 8, PSEUD. EGLANTERIN.V, Hdl. J>, California. 



FIG. 9, PSEUD. EGLANTKKINA. J" ^i^*'""''"". t'alifornia. 



FIG. 10, PSEUD. IIKR.\, Harris, {Pica, Wlk) cf, Utah. 



FIG. 11, PSKUD. IIEK.\, vellow var. rj", Colorado. 



FIG. 1-J, PSEUD. IIER.\. 'J' Mack aliernition, " Rockv Mt.s." 



FK;. 13, PSKUD. NUTT.VLLI, Slrcek. J" R'nkv Mt.^'', head of Snake Hiver. 



FIG. 14, PSEID. NUTT.\LLI, $ Rocky Mts., head of Snake River. 



The 9 of J°. Hera, the earliest described of the ahove forms, was figured by .Vndubon <in )>late .'i")9 in Vol. IV of his jjreat work 

 on the Birds of N. Am. and on plate ■").'?, Vol. I, of his later smaller edition, but no name or word regarding the insect appeared in the 

 text. Dr. Harris afterwards described and named the species from the example thai bad furnislicd Audubon with the original of his 

 figure, which was in the ]>osscssion of Mr. ICd. Doulilcday of E]iping, Eng. This, as well as oibcr examples, were taken by the ornith- 

 ologist Nutlall ill tiie Rockv Mts. in ISItli. .■Vudiibou's liguie is apparently a female to judge from tJie aiUcniue, lliougli Harris describes 

 it as a male, and states tlial the other ligure "is probably the female of llie preceding, apparently diHers from it only in being of a deep 

 Indian-vellow colour and in having the crescent in the middle of the kidney shaped spots very distinct, whereas in the male it is almost 

 obsolete." This latter figure however is more likely tile female of one of the other forms, Kglanierina or Nuttalli probably, as I have 

 seen and examined a number of P. Hera from I'tali in which the females as well as the males have the wings either (piite white or else 

 white with a very faint vellowish tint or cast. This white form appears to be indigenous to the salt regions of Utah and nowhere else. 

 I have only figured the male, but if those of my readers, who have not easy access to Audubon's work, will glance at my figure (14) of 

 P. Nuttalli, 9 , and imagine the ground colour of all wings while and the abdomen ringed with black they will have a very correct idea 

 of the female of the form or var. Hera, llarr. 



Both sexes of the Colorado variety of 7^. 7/era have all the wings yellow, tlie primaries not however as deep in colour as the 

 secondaries and body ; the male ami female jiresent scarcely any difierence in ihe markings or outline of wings. Fig. 1 1 on plate XV 

 represents the (^^ of this form ; fig. 12 on same plate depicts a melanotic aberration of P. Hera, the original of which, taken by Mr. Xut- 

 tail in the "Rockv Mts.'' in l.s;it), is now in the coll. of Mr. Titian K. Peale, to whose goodness I am indebted for the privilege of 

 figuring it, as well as Nos. \'i, 14, which illustrate botli sexes of P. Nntlalli described on page 1(17 of this work. At the lime 1 designated 

 this latter as a ilislinct species I considered the total absence of the black bands on the abdomen as entitling it to have some claims as 

 such, but lalciv having examined a uuniber of both sexes of an intermediate form received by Mr. Neumoegen from .\rizona I am con- 

 vinced that P' yultalli is but an extreme variation after all. Both sexes of these .Vri/.ona examples jusl alluded to i which came into 

 my hands too late to introduce on ]ilate X\' i resemble closely in outline of wing, color and markings, /'. Nitltalll V (tig. 11. plate XV) 

 with the exception that the abdomen over half the leiigib from the thorax is lianded with black, the two bands nearest the tbiu-ax lieing 

 broadest and thence out becoming narrower until but few traces an- noticeable on the terminal segments; the black marks on wings are 

 but verv little luavier in ilic male than in the female. This form I would propose to designate as variety Arizonensis ; it seems to be 

 intermediate between the Colorado form of 1'. Hera (lig. 11 1 and /'. Nuttalli. 



The best known and by lar the commonest is the Californian form Eglanterina in which the upper surface of primaries is more 

 or less suH'used with pinkish ; it is very variable in Ihe black markings; in some instances being almost as heavily blacked as the 

 varietv of P. llera (fig. 12i, in others it is scarcely more so than in P. Nuttalli 9 ('ig- I'D ; '""' is this <iiniimition of the black confined 

 to the females only as I have males with as little black on as any female I have vet seen, and even less. .\n extreme ease in poinl is 

 the male abberration (lig. !M in which the black marks are almost totally obliterated on both surlaccs. 1 have three of this type, all 

 fine unbleniislud examples, but in neither of (be remaining two are the dark banils and spots so completely obscured as in tlie one 

 figured. The Californian examjiles are not even constant in outline of wing, some being narrow winged like form Hera, others broad 

 as in fig. S, pi. X\' ; in fact ibis is fairly dciiionslrateil by comparing the outline of fig. S with that of its aberration lig. 'J. wliicli pre- 

 sents an entirely dillerent shape of wing. Though the iipiier surface of primaries is more generally llesh coloured or pinkish, this is 

 not alwavs the case, as I have seen and possess examples of both sexes in which the primaries are the same yellow colour as liie second- 

 aries, anil others in which [lart are yellow and part llesh coloured ; in fact the number of variations and sub-varialions ol this .and the 

 other forms is truly wonderful ; I could easily have filled a plate wilh'tlicm had it been worth the while, bet I trust I have figured 

 enough to illustrate the fact that all are but forms, or sports, or variations of one species. 



Tlie two examples in my collection taken by Nuttall in 18:U) in the "Rocky Mis.'' are the ordinary form of Eglanlcrina; in the 

 same expedition Nuttall also took the three insects figs. 12, 13 and 14 on plate XV, as well as ibe originals of .Vudubou's figures, one of 

 which furnished the type for Harris' Heia. 



IIYPKRCIIIRIA YARTA. Waikkr. 



Cat. Lep. B. M. VI, p. 1278, (ISo.Vi. 



(PLATE XV, FIG. 13 (^ aberr., U! Hermaphrodite.) 



This common but none Ihe less beautiful species is subject to many and most startling variations, two of which I have figured on 

 plate XV, of which, as well as of several others, I will proceed to make further note. Fig. 1.'), a r^, has on upper surface all the usual 

 brownish marks of primaries, and the red abdominal margin and siibmaiginal line of secondaries rejilaced by white or very pale yel- 

 lowish. Beneath the primaries are yellow with no other colour or mark save a black discal spot jaipilled with while; the secondaries 

 are vellow from where the transverse line usually is to outer margin, interior to ibis yellow part the wing is yellowish white. Two 

 examples of this aberrant were raised from a large brood, ihe remaining members of which were all of the ordinary form. 



Fig. ](i riprcsents one of those incomprehensible freaks, a partial hermaphrodite. The left anteiina! is male, the right one fe- 

 male; the tli(U-ax above is yellow like the male, with several isolatc<i jKilches of the reddish female colour; beneath the thorax in front 

 is red, rest yellow ; legs reddish ; abdomen above and below yellow and to all ajipearance is that of a male. The left primary is male 

 except a small patch on interior margin, not far from the inner angle, and a not broad mark extending along inner margin from the 

 aforesaid patch inwards to the transverse sub-basal line; the right hand primary is female excepting the parts along inner margin 

 which on the left wing are female are here male, also at Ihe inner angle is an irregular triangular patch of the yellow male colour. 

 Secondaries on upper surface are both alike and appear to be, from the produced abdominal angle, male. Under surface all wings yel- 

 low and in all other respects like the normal males with the single exception that the eosta of the right hand secondary is bordered its 



* On this accompanying plate |X\') figs. 8 and 9 are marked by mi.atake as Hera instead u( Eglanterina, and figs. 10, 11 and 12 

 as Pica instead of Hera, so "that lliev should read at botlom of plate correctly thus : .S, Pseudohazis Eglanterina, Bdl., j* ; 9, P. Eglan- 

 Urina, cf aberr. ; 10, P. Hera, Harris, cT ; H, P. Hera, cf var. ; 12, P. Hera, rf" aberr. 



