224 
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III. DELPHACIDAE. 
Delphacoides Spinola, Ann. Soc. Ent. Fr., VIII, p. 329 (1839); type 
Delphax Fabricius (1798), Ent. Syst. Suppl., p. 500. 
This family has been neglected by most collectors, especially 
in the tropics, but at present it contains over ninety genera. It 
is recognizable from all other fulgorids by the presence of a 
movable spur on the apex of the hind tibia. It has been divided 
into two subfamilies and three tribes. 
1. (2) Posterior tibial spur subulate, with cross-section either circular or 
angular, apex acuminate, without teeth on sides..... Asiracinae 
bo 
(1) Posterior tibial spur cultrate, subeultrate or thin, with or without 
teeth soni ihemhinGdieman cuneate icir ecient Delphacinae 
3. (4) The tibial spur eultrate, solid, both surfaces convex, distinct teeth 
along, thes himdsamamoanie ten iter eateries er ere ae roe Alohini 
4. (3) Tibial spur thin, or if solid, then with the inner surface concave. 
5. (6) Spur eultrate, solid but with inner surface concave, no teeth on 
labhakG ree geabalemeenrerc morte aU Gor amc ome eon dk ae Tropidocephalini 
6. (5) Spur thin or foliaceous, sometimes tectiform, with or without teeth 
along ethe) hind sim arounenetyeree eeeeee eae Delphacini 
The female is furnished with a well-developed, complete ovi- 
positor, and the eggs are laid in the tissues of the food plant. 
The base of the ovipositor is situated considerably anterior of 
the middle of the abdomen, and the pygofer is long and narrow, 
with a groove along the middle for the reception of the ovi- 
positor. This makes the more posterior abdominal sternites more 
or less V-shape. The male has a well-developed pygofer, one 
pair of genital styles and an aedeagus consisting of a single 
tube which in some forms (Delphacinae) is simple (fig. 9) and 
in others (Asiracinae) complex, with a distinct penis and large 
periandrium (fig. 10). In most species there is no evidence of 
the anterior gonapophyses (g 1), but in others these are quite 
evident. The venation is of a simple form, very uniform, and 
similar to that of many Cixiidae. In many species brachypterous 
forms are known. 
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