318 
of Ceylon) also figure the morphological characteristics of the 
species (under the name bromeliae ). 
Ehrhorn considers that Kuwana’s ananassae is probably the 
same species. 
Pseudococcus nipae (Mask.). 
This is another species believed to belong to the tropics of the 
American continent, although now widely spread through the 
transference of ornamental plants from one region to another. 
The belief just mentioned is based on the presence of numerous 
enemies of this species in Mexico, some of which appear to be 
rather strict. As already stated, the species is a serious agri- 
cultural and horticultural pest, and the Hawaiian Government 
has recently introduced three species of coccinellid beetles and 
three internal parasites (two encyrtids and one scelionid) to 
secure a measure of relief from its attacks on fruit trees and 
ornamental plants. 
The species is treated by Ferris in a publication on “The 
California Species of Mealy-Bugs” in the Stanford University 
series, p. 49, and a figure given of the penultimate and anal lobe 
cerarii and the ventral side of the anal lobe showing the peculiar 
character of the chitinization and grouping of pores. 
Pseudococcus filamentosus (Cockerell). 
This is another tropical species now widely distributed, prob- 
ably on citrus stocks or scions, as it affects citrus very gener- 
ally and has proved a great hindrance to citrus culture ‘in 
Hawaii, causing malformation of the terminal growth. Accord- 
ing to Koebele it gained entrance to Hawaii about 1891, from 
Japan. It also affects leguminous plants generally, and in Cairo, 
Egypt, caused serious injury to leguminous shade-trees in 1909. 
At that time it was the subject of much study and investigation, 
which was afterward reported upon in a paper by F. C. Will- 
cocks, entomologist to the Khedevial Agricultural Society, pub- 
lished in the Bull. Ent. Res., I, p. 121. The species was con- 
sidered as new and was so described by Newstead and Will- 
cocks under the name Dactylopius perniciosus, but Kranzlin, in 
1913, in describing a similar infestation at Dar-es-Salaam (see 
Rev. Appl. .Ent., 11, p.| 146), refers thes Eeyptany and the 
Tanganyika insect, rightly I believe, to flamentosus. 
