90 S. I. Smith — Crustaceans of the Atlantic Coast. 



ming in vast numbers at the surface, and doubtless at great depths as 

 well, it is of course somewhat uncertain whether the specimeni* 

 taken in the dredge really come from the bottom or from some point 

 between tliat and the surface. It was found in the stomachs of the 

 hake taken in the Bay of Fundy, in 1872, liowever, which is very 

 good evidence that it lives at the bottom for a part of the time. 



In the Bay of Fundy it occurs at the surface in vast swarms, fill- 

 ing the water for miles, and is usually accompanied by schools of 

 mackerel, young pollock, and other fish, and in the autumn by 

 immense flocks of gulls; the fish and smaller giills appearing to feed 

 almost exclusively upon the Thysanopoda at such times. It not 

 infrequently occurs in this way in the harbor of Eastport, Maine, and, 

 with a hand-net, may be caught by the quart even from the wharves, 

 I have observed it only in August, September and October, but 

 Messrs, Merriam and Wilson found it in abundance in April. Profes- 

 sor Verrill observed it, in 1859, swarming in myriads at the "• Rep- 

 plings," in the center of the Bay of Fundy. In the Bay of Fundy, 

 the inermis was often found associated with this species, but always 

 in very much smaller numbers. The Korvegica occurred on " mack- 

 erel grounds" in Casco Bay, in the same way as in the Bay of Fundy, 

 though not in such vast abundance. 



In life, this species is very beautiful. The whole animal, except 

 the black eyes, is very translucent ; the edges of the carapax and the 

 lower edges of the abdominal segments are faintly tinged with red; 

 the upper surface of the carapax, the peduncles of the antennultB and 

 antennse, and the cephalothoracic appendages are spotted and 

 banded Avith deep bright red ; the peculiar sense organs at the bases 

 of the first and last pairs of pediform cephalothoracic appendages, 

 and beneath the anterior segments of the abdomen are deep purplish 

 red ; the principal ganglia of the nervous system and many of the 

 peripheral nerves are red, or tinged with red. The ganglia of the 

 nervous system are sometimes, if not always, beautifully phospho- 

 rescent. 



While at Casco Bay in August, 1873, and before I was aware of 

 (4, O. Sars' observations on the development of this species (in his 

 zoological voyage of 1865, above referred to), several of the very 

 remarkable larval stages of two species of Thysanopoda., most of the 

 larvae apparently belonging to this species, were found among the 

 collections made at the surface with the towing-net in the evening:. 

 The youngest individuals observed belonged to the more common 

 species, and, though apparently by no means the earliest of the free- 



