151] FAUNA OF BIG VERMILION RIVER—BAKER 53 
of abnormalities consist of cyst-like pearly growths near the posterior 
end, in or near the adductor muscle and pallial line. These may occur 
in one or both valves. Occasionally the anterior adductor scar is almost 
wholly changed in character by these abnormal growths. In several shells 
the space between the pallial line and the margin of the valve is stained 
purple or brown, accompanied by few or many blisters of various sized. 
The posterior end of the shell may also be affected so that it ceases to grow, 
forming a blunt posterior end marked by blisters and discolorations. 
Whether this condition is due to distomid infection as mentioned by 
Wilson and Clark (1912 63) as occurring in Actinonaias ligamentina from 
the Maumee River is not known definitely, but the inference is strong that 
it is. It is noteworthy that the largest number of individuals affected by 
parasitism or other injurious agencies occurred in the upper part of the 
Salt Fork above Homer Park dam. Specimens colJected from stations 
below the dam, including Middle Fork, were as a whole remarkably free 
from pearly growths or discolorations. Occasional individuals from Maho- 
met, on the Sangamon River, have round, pin-head pearls in the shell. 
Though no distomids were observed in the animals of /uteola it is quite 
probable that these pearls and blisters, which were observed for the most 
part in empty shells, were caused by distomid larvae, possibly the mar- 
ginal cyst described by Wilson and Clark (1912:62). Many young shells 
of Juteola were collected and many more observed, indicating that the 
species is breeding freely from the Homer Park section of the stream down- 
ward. No young shells were seen above the Homer Park dam. Gravid 
females were observed at several places in September and October. 
A specimen collected at Mahomet (Z11223 A) somewhat resembles 
Actinonaias ligamentina in the form of the shell, absence of strong umbonal 
markings and heavy hinge teeth; it seems to be one of those individuals 
which has led many students to say that ““Jigamentina runs into /uteola.” 
The shell is free of all abnormalities and has a clear pearly-white nacre. 
It measures, length 87, height 54, breadth 30 mm. 
33. Lampsilis ventricosa (Barnes). Pocket-Book. 
This large fine species was not collected in Salt Fork above the eenea 
about two miles north of Sidney, 16 miles below Urbana. As it does not 
occur in Spoon River (as far as known from our collections) it is probably 
a species that does not inhabit the smaller tributary streams. From the 
station mentioned as far down stream as the river has been examined, 
including Middle Fork, ventricosa is common or abundant in most places. 
Below Homer Park dam it is abundant and of large size, and more or less 
ponderous. The largest female shell was found at Homer Park and the 
largest male shell in Salt Fork near Middle Fork. These shells measure as 
follows: 
Length, 138; height, 60; breadth. 56mm. Male 
sth sO “60 mm. Ferhale 
