32 



cies of Habenaria, and in reducing all of the group of hyperborea 

 to one species. This disposes of Rydberg's Limnorchis. 



Taking up Piperia Rydberg which includes tjjo H. elegaus 



group, we find Rydberg founding it on the rounded tubers (due 

 to growing in drier soil) as distinguished from the elongated fusi- 

 form fleshy roots of the swamp-loving H. htperborea, and on the 

 f£w leaves mostly basal and perishing quickly (characters necessi- 

 sarily attendant on an orchid growing in yellow-pine forests if 

 the leaves arc not .specialized us in Pyrola or Goodyeara where we 



find good generic floral di (Terences also. All "Limnorchis" species 

 grow in wet and shady places, mostly in swamps, and of course 

 the leaves do not wither early since the humidity is mostly near 

 saturation. The roots in common with all similarly placed plants 

 need no special appliances and are fleshy and elongated, beiug as 

 often ovate with a prolonged tip as fusiform. His Pi peri a on the 

 other hand grows in well drained soil in open pine woods where 

 the humidity is high only in spring and so the leaves not being 

 specialized must die early. The roots must economise and so drop 

 the straggling tips, but do not differ uniformly otherwise. Natur- 

 ally the flowers average smaller but are not uniformly so. This dis- 

 poses of Piperia, a little hard on Piper to be so ruthlesslj snatched 

 fom the Rydbergian immortals, but 1 hope lie can ik grin and bear 



it" or bear it without grinning, Rydberg might try another 



whack at it by calling one of his to be genera Smokeria, and we 

 by the strenuous use of gray matter could still see the piper in it! 

 Lysiella Rydberg i3 intermediate having on© leaf and still nar- 

 rower roots than Limnorchis and grows in the deepest shade. Ly- 

 sias again has partly the habit of Piperia but in moister and rich- 

 er soil has the root system of Limnorchis and dies down early to 

 avoid flower and leaf reduction, pretty specific devices but certain- 

 ly not generic. 



I fail to see the consistency of the position of Ames in the 

 new Gray's Manual of Robinson and Fernald in changing 

 Goodyeara to Epipactia and this to Sera pi as. As far as 1 can see 

 Haller's Epipactia of 1742 had no species. This is Goodyeara 

 and Peramium 1812, both genera had species. This is inconsistent 

 with the position toward Itafinetquean genera such as Achroau- 

 thes. Ames relegates our species to Serapias which seeais decided- 

 ly different. Species of our Epipactis were described as early a,3 

 1769 (see also remarks of Rydberg referred to above). 



Lupinus. At this time I take up only ono group. 

 L. prunophilua Jones had a line of text omitted. It was collected 

 at Mammoth Utah near the Sioux mine, it is a synonym of L 

 hu mi cola Xelsou which I overlooked. There is no dividing line 



1813 



